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      2015成人學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試輔導(dǎo):尋常時(shí)態(tài)的不尋常用法

      來(lái)源:考試網(wǎng)  [ 2015年10月20日 ]  【

        一般人對(duì)英語(yǔ)里基本時(shí)態(tài)的意義和用法都沒(méi)有什么問(wèn)題,但是未必每個(gè)人都對(duì)某些尋常時(shí)態(tài)的特殊用法有足夠的體會(huì)。

        請(qǐng)看下面這三種情形:

       、 現(xiàn)在簡(jiǎn)單時(shí)態(tài)

       、爆F(xiàn)在簡(jiǎn)單時(shí)態(tài)可以用來(lái)表示未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或活動(dòng),但這活動(dòng)必須事先已有計(jì)劃,如:

        ● The plane to Hawaii leaves at 10 tonight.

        ● The British Prime Minister arrives at 8 tomorrow morning.

        這樣的不尋常時(shí)態(tài)里的動(dòng)詞通常只限于“來(lái)”和“往”之類的活動(dòng),不是任何動(dòng)詞都適用。

        ⒉現(xiàn)在簡(jiǎn)單時(shí)態(tài)也可用來(lái)取代時(shí)間副詞分句(adverb clauses of time)或條件副詞分句(adverb clauses of condition)中的現(xiàn)在未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),如:

        ● Let's wait until all the guests come.

        ● If it rains tomorrow, we can't go fishing.

        理論上可以說(shuō)“until all the guests will come”和“if it will rain tomorrow”,但實(shí)際句子里,并不如此。

       、超F(xiàn)在簡(jiǎn)單時(shí)態(tài)有時(shí)可以用來(lái)代替現(xiàn)在過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),使所敘述的事物更現(xiàn)實(shí)、更靈活,如:

        ● Alexander Pope says, “A little learning is a dangerous thing.”

        ● The Chinese proverb has it, “God helps those who help themselves.”

        只有在特殊情況下,才用這種時(shí)態(tài);否則,過(guò)去的事, 只好用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),比較妥當(dāng)。

       、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)

        ⒈現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)可以用來(lái)表示未來(lái)的節(jié)目或已策劃的活動(dòng),如:

        ● They are going downtown this afternoon.

        ● I am seeing an old friend tonight.

        ⒉現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),也和副詞“always, continually, constantly”等連用以表示不斷重復(fù)的舉動(dòng),言下有不勝其煩之感,如:

        ● Janet is always complaining.www.yingyusanji.com

        ● Why are you continually finding fault with our new system?

        ● Strange! The weather here is constantly changing.

       、 過(guò)去簡(jiǎn)單時(shí)態(tài)

       、边^(guò)去簡(jiǎn)單時(shí)態(tài)可用來(lái)表示目前不易實(shí)現(xiàn)的假設(shè)或愿望,如:

        ● lf I were you, I would join that activity.

        ● I wish I had better luck next time.

       、策^(guò)去簡(jiǎn)單時(shí)態(tài)也可以用來(lái)代替現(xiàn)在簡(jiǎn)單時(shí)態(tài),以表示禮貌,如:

        ● Could you tell me how to go to the library?

        ● I would appreciate it if you could help me.

        ● Would you mind lending me your pen for a while?

        上述尋常時(shí)態(tài)的不尋常用法,如果用得恰當(dāng),肯定可以增添英語(yǔ)的靈活性。

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