定語(yǔ)從句

　　在復(fù)合句中起定語(yǔ)作用的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句分為兩種：限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。本節(jié)主要講解各個(gè)關(guān)系代詞及關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句、介詞與關(guān)系代詞的連用、準(zhǔn)關(guān)系代詞as，以及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

　　　1、關(guān)系代詞 who，whom，whose，which，that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

　　例1 The company official __ I thought would be fired received a raise .

　　A.whom B.whoever C.who D.of whom

　　【答案】C(1998年40題) 定語(yǔ)從句中I thought 作插入語(yǔ)，who作主語(yǔ)。

　　注：以下情況只用that 不用which 或who:考 易網(wǎng)提供

　　(1)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，如：He is the tallest man that I have ever seen.(此處不用who，因?yàn)榍懊嬗凶罡呒?jí)修飾)

　　(2)先行詞前有any，all，the only，the very，the last，no時(shí)，如：She is the very person that we are looking for.(此處不能用who，因?yàn)榍懊嬗衪he very修飾)

　　(3)先行詞all，little，something，anything，nothing，mush，few等不定式代詞時(shí)，如：Is there anything that I can do for you?(此處不用which，因?yàn)橄刃性~位anything)

　　(4)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，如;We are talking about the persons and the things that we remember.(先行詞為the persons and the things，人和物，故用that)

　　例2 Of those ____ had applied for the jobs，only two were accepted. A.persons B.that C.who D.which

　　【答案】B(1999年考題)

　　2、關(guān)系副詞 when，where，，why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

　　例: We live in a time ____，more than ever before in history，people are moving.

　　A.what B.when C.which D.where

　　【答案】B(2006年11月19題)

　　　3、關(guān)系代詞前帶介詞的定語(yǔ)從句

　　例1 The tsunami(海嘯)____ over 160，000 people were killed was a terrible disaster for human beings.

　　A.of that B.among which C.during that D.in which

　　【答案】D(2005年11月24題)

　　例2 This is the dictionary ____ Idepend a lot whenever I have peoblems with new words.

　　A.with which B.in which C.on which D.for which

　　【答案】C(2004年4月19題) 注：介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不用that。

　　4、準(zhǔn)關(guān)系代詞as

　　as 也可以用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。用作關(guān)系代詞的as通常與such，the same，as連用�；蛘哂迷诰涫祝�指代后面的一句話，如as is known to all，as we all know，as is often the case 等。

　　例1 I will buy the same shirt as you have. 我將買和你同樣的襯衫。

　　例2 He spoke in such easy English as everybody could understand. 他用大家都可以理解的簡(jiǎn)單英語(yǔ)說(shuō)話。

　　例3 ___ is well-known，the environment in China is badly in need of improvement.

　　A.It B.That C.As D.What

　　【答案】C(2007年4月18題)

　　例4 ____ is well known，the key to success lies in hard work. A.As B.that C.Which D.what

　　【答案】A(2005年4月43題)

　　例5 Do not trust such men ____ often like to praise you to your face. A.who B.that C.as D.they

　　【答案】C(2004年4月34題)

　　5、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

　　(1)對(duì)被修飾的名詞起附加說(shuō)明，或進(jìn)一步描述或補(bǔ)充。

　　這種從句有一定的獨(dú)立性，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整，只是內(nèi)容相對(duì)不夠具體。與主句之間常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，所用的關(guān)系代詞與限制性定語(yǔ)從句基本相同，但不能用關(guān)系詞that引導(dǎo)。

　　例1 It turned out that the man was an excellent policeman working in New York，____ had contributed a lot to the case. A.that B.which C.who D.where

　　【答案】C(2007年4月26題)

　　例2 He was very rude to the customs officer， ____ of course made things even worse.

　　A.who B.whom C.what D.which

　　【答案】D(2006年4月21題)

　　(2)名詞(代詞)+ 介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞。

　　例1 The writer has published many books， ____ are well received by the readers.

　　A.none of whom B.all of which C.neither of who D.one of which

　　【答案】B(2004年4月17題)

　　關(guān)系代詞修飾的是指物的名詞。因此用which;根據(jù)本句的句意，要選肯定句。本句的意思是：這位作者出版了好多書(shū)，都非常受讀者的歡迎。

　　例2 The United States is composed of fifty states，two of ___ are separated from the others by land or water.

　　A.them B.that C.which D.those

　　【答案】C(2003年23題)