2017年英語六級寫作練習(xí)題：垃圾增多的原因

　　Many people believe that the human society has developed into a throw-away society, which is filled with plastic bags and rubbish. What are the causes and solutions?

　　概述：環(huán)境問題是目前世界的一個(gè)熱門話題，人們越來越關(guān)注環(huán)境惡化(environmental degradation.：)對地球產(chǎn)生的影響。

　　一般來說，環(huán)境問題有：

　　• 全球變暖，冰川融化，海平面上升(sea level rise),淡水減少;

　　• 污染物增加——放射物質(zhì)的廢物處理(radioactive waste disposal),垃圾增多，廢水增多，汽車 尾氣排放,導(dǎo)致生活環(huán)境惡化(deteriorating environment);

　　• 自然災(zāi)害橫行-干旱、水災(zāi)、沙塵暴、酸雨等(droughts, floods, sand storms and acid rain);

　　• 能源供應(yīng)不足，可替代資源(alternative energy)匱乏;

　　• 食品供應(yīng)不足(food supply problem),饑荒(famine);

　　• 森林減少(deforestation),過度放牧(overgrazing)。

　　解決環(huán)境問題需要采取以下步驟：

　　• 全球合作，制定環(huán)境保護(hù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和具體措施;

　　• 提高公眾的意識(awareness);

　　•政府投資，采用對環(huán)境有利的科技(environmentally friendly technology )。

　　解析：

　　垃圾增多的原因：

　　• 人口增長(population growth)導(dǎo)致人們對物質(zhì)需求的加大，這必定會導(dǎo)致垃圾的增多(the increment of rubbish); •人們對垃圾可能導(dǎo)致的問題意識不強(qiáng)(awareness of waste issues);

　　• 消費(fèi)者消費(fèi)過多(over-consume)—次性產(chǎn)品(short-lived or disposable items)。

　　垃圾處理的方法：

　　• 頒布法律嚴(yán)厲控制垃圾任意排放(discharge of refuse);

　　• 改良工業(yè)生產(chǎn)(modify industrial production),減少資源的使用(reduce raw material inputs);

　　• 采取相關(guān)垃圾循環(huán)再利用措施(disposal and recycling schemes),大力宣傳對垃圾的回收和利用，提高人們的環(huán)保意識。

　　范文

　　Although waste disposal does not grab a headline as frequently as many other environmental issues do， it does not mean that it is less serious. As a matter of fact, the treatment of garbage continues to be a problem worldwide. Despite its sizable influence, many citizens have not yet realized the seriousness of this issue. It is the goal of this article to outline the potential causes of this problem and suggest possible solutions.

　　People should first recognize that the increment in garbage is a natural result of the social and economic development. Unethical businesses are the main creators of industrial waste, including heavy metal, chemicals, plastic, and other durable and non-recyclable materials. People's quest for a better standard of living gives them incentives to manufacture a rich variety of consumer goods and disregard the potential impact on environment. This practice can date back to the earliest days of industrial revolution, producing enormous waste that are unable to be recycled and causing an environmental disaster.

　　Another potential reason for the slow progress in waste treatment is people's low awareness of the opportunities to reduce, reuse and recycle waste. Many people do not have a firm stand against over-consumption and excessive production of disposable items. Besides, many citizens are not environmentally conscious, disposing of wastes whenever and wherever they consider convenient. Meanwhile, many manufacturers tend to use virgin materials, rather than recyclable materials in the course of production. That's why many communities are facing a, particularly difficult position in waste treatment.

　　The best approach to address waste issues is simply to minimize its generation. It is primarily because the more waste people produce, the more waste they have to cope with. Waste recycling offers another means, although it requires the spontaneous commitment of both businesses and citizens. Additionally, laws should be set out to regulate corporation behaviour and make their operation environmentally friendly.

　　It is clear that the problem of waste disposal exists due to people's ever-growing demand for manufactured goods and slow response to the impact of this problem on the environment. Tackling this problem depends not only on individual's effort to keep the waste to a minimum but also on businesses' attempt to optimise their manufacture and reduce the inputs.

　　近義詞表

　　1. garbage=refuse=waste=rubbish:垃圾

　　2. unethical=immoral:不道德的

　　3. creator=maker:創(chuàng)造者

　　4. quest=pursuit:對…的追求，渴望

　　5. earliest days=outset =start=onset:開始

　　6. recycle=reuse:重新使用

　　7. awareness=consciousness:意識

　　8. stand=stance=position:立場

　　9. virgin material=raw material:原材料

　　10. set out=lay out=enforce:實(shí)施，制定

　　11. input=resources used:使用的資源