1.詞義辨析
詞義辨析主要集中在實詞,即名詞、動詞、形容詞和副詞,設題通常以同義詞、反義詞或易
混詞的形式出現(xiàn)。這就要求考生在做題時要根據(jù)上下文語境確定答案,將意義相反或相差較
大的選項剔除掉,再根據(jù)已知詞對未知詞在句法和語法上的要求,選擇使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整、語
法正確、語義符合邏輯的最佳答案。
例 1
For example, it has long been known that total sleep 1 is 100 percent fatal to rats...
A?reduction B?destruction C?deprivation D?restriction
[注釋] C
reduction意為“減少”;destruction意為“破壞”;deprivation意為“剝奪,喪失”;而restriction意為“限制”。題意為“完全剝奪老鼠的睡眠對它而言是致命的”,所以選 C deprivation。
例 2
When the work is well done, a 2 of accident free operations is established where time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.?
A?regulation B?climate
C?circumstance D?requirement
[注釋] B?
四個選項的意思分別為:regulation“規(guī)定”;climate“氣候,風氣,氣氛”;circumstance“情況”;requirement“要求”。根據(jù)題意,“當這項工作出色完成后,無事故操作的氣氛便形成了……”,所以 B climate 最符合題意。?
2.固定搭配
固定搭配以動詞、形容詞與副詞、介詞構(gòu)成的詞組居多,在設題上以考副詞和介詞為主。這種題需要考生平時多下功夫積累常用詞組,并注意歸納,比較其中的介詞、副詞搭配,增強題感。
例 1
The key to the industrialization of space is the U.S space shuttle. With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle 1 of flying into space and returning many times.
A?capable B?suitable C?efficient D?fit
[注釋] A
空格后的of表示只有選項(A)capable能用在此處。suitable與to或for連用,如:This wine is not suitable to my taste. 這酒不合我的胃口;fit與for連用;efficient意思為“有效率的”,顯然不符合題意。
例 3
He most use this surplus in three ways : as seed for sowing, as an insurance 3 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity.
A?for B?against C?of D?towards
[注釋]?B
當名詞insurance表示“保險,保護”之意時,后面搭配的介詞為against,類似的句子還有:I bought some more locks as an additional insurance against burglary。“我又買了些鎖作為額外的防范措施”。