2019年6月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯模擬題：中國經(jīng)濟(jì)

　　第一篇

　　【原文】

　　2012年,中國在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度最快的國家中,名列第18位,GDP實(shí)際增速為7.8%。這是自1999年以來最慢的增速。但中國依然是成熟型經(jīng)濟(jì)的代表,因?yàn)橹袊�正逐漸從發(fā)展中國家向發(fā)達(dá)國家過渡。自1949年以來,中國政府一直在規(guī)劃和管理國民經(jīng)濟(jì)。1978年,鄧小平引入資本主義市場原則(capitalist market principles)。從那時(shí)起,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)就開始展現(xiàn)出巨大的增長力。在過去30年間,中國的GDP以平均每年10%的速度在增長。這段時(shí)期,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的規(guī)模增長了約48倍。

　　【解析】

　　1.成熟型經(jīng)濟(jì)的代表:“成熟型經(jīng)濟(jì)”可譯為a maturing economy; “代表”可譯為:representative。

　　2.過渡:可翻譯為transform。

　　3.規(guī)劃和管理國民經(jīng)濟(jì):可譯為plan and manage the national economy。

　　4.從那時(shí)起,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)就開始展現(xiàn)出巨大的增長力:“從那時(shí)起”可譯為from then on�！熬薮蟮脑鲩L力”可譯為massive growth。

　　【參考答案】

　　In 2012,China ranked the 18th fastest growing country in economy in the world, with a real GDP growth rate of 7.8 percent.The figure is the slowest one since 1999.However, China is also representative of a maturing economy as it is gradually transforming from a developing country to a developed one.Since 1949,the Chinese government has been planning and managing the national economy.In the year of 1978,Deng Xiaoping introduced capitalist market principles.From then on, the Chinese economy began to show massive growth.The GDP grew at the average rate of 10 percent annually over the last 30 years.During that period the scale of the Chinese economy grew by roughly 48 times.

　　第二篇

　　【原文】

　　中國是世界上工業(yè)產(chǎn)品種類最多的國家之一。這與其“世界工廠”的稱號(hào)相符。自1978年起,中國已逐漸減少其對(duì)國有企業(yè)(state-owned enterprises)的依賴。但國有企業(yè)依然占中國工業(yè)總量(industrial output)的46%,與35年前的77.6%相比有所下降。盡管如此,近幾年中國政府在關(guān)系國家經(jīng)濟(jì)安全的部門對(duì)國有企業(yè)采取扶持政策。2003年,為推動(dòng)國有經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,中國成立了國有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)督管理委員會(huì)(State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission)。這是一個(gè)旨在發(fā)展壯大國有工業(yè)企業(yè)的監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)。

　　【解析】

　　1.相符:可譯為conform to.

　　2.國有企業(yè):可用state-owned enterprises表達(dá)。

　　3.依賴:可譯為reliance。

　　4.國有經(jīng)濟(jì):可翻譯為state-owned economy。

　　5.監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu):可用regulator表達(dá)。

　　【參考答案】

　　China is one of the countries with the most sorts of industrial products in the world,which conforms to the title of “the World’s Factory”.Since 1978,the nation has gradually decreased its reliance on state-owned enterprises.However,they still account for 46 percent of China’s industrial output,reducing from 77.6 percent 35 years ago.Nonetheless,in recent years Chinese government adopted the policies to support state-owned enterprises in sections which concern the national economic security.In 2003,China set up the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission to promote the development of state-owned economy.It is a regulator aiming at expanding and strengthening state-owned industrial enterprises.

　　第三篇

　　【原文】

　　中國將加速節(jié)能產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，使其到2015年成為國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。國務(wù)院(the State Council)曾在一份聲明中承諾要推進(jìn)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,擴(kuò)大人們對(duì)節(jié)能產(chǎn)品的需求，推動(dòng)壞保服務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。國務(wù)院表示,節(jié)能產(chǎn)業(yè)的產(chǎn)出價(jià)值到2015年將達(dá)到4.5萬億元,平均年增長15%。政府將起主導(dǎo)作用，并允許非國有資本投資節(jié)能項(xiàng)目。中國已承諾到2020年，將每單位GDP的碳排放量在2005年的基礎(chǔ)上減少40%—45%。

　　【解析】

　　1.加速節(jié)能產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展:“節(jié)能產(chǎn)業(yè)”可譯為energy saving industry。

　　2.國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè):可譯為a pillar of the national economy。

　　3.承諾要推進(jìn)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，擴(kuò)大人們對(duì)節(jié)能產(chǎn)品的需求，推動(dòng)環(huán)保服務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展:此處“承諾”可譯為vow; “推進(jìn)”可翻譯為spur;“妒大”可翻譯為 expand;“推動(dòng)”可翻譯為boost。

　　【參考答案】

　　China will speed up development of the energy-saving industry and make it a pillar of the national economy by 2015.The State Council vowed in a statement to spur technological innovation，expand demand for energy-saving products and boost the environmental-protection service industry.According to the State Council, the value of the energy-saving industry’s output will reach 4.5 trillion yuan by 2015,with an average annual growth rate of 15 percent.The govemment will play a leading role and allow the non-state capital to invest in energy-saving projects.China has committed to reducing its carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 40 to 45 percent by 2020 compared with the number in 2005.

　　第四篇

　　【原文】

　　中國經(jīng)濟(jì)被稱為“發(fā)展中的市場經(jīng)濟(jì)”。發(fā)展中的市場經(jīng)濟(jì)是指經(jīng)濟(jì)的重點(diǎn)放在勞動(dòng)力、商品和服務(wù)領(lǐng)域，并由供需關(guān)系決定。中國經(jīng)濟(jì)在過去幾年中一直呈增長態(tài)勢，每年平均增長率約為10%。因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展，中國的貧困率已經(jīng)降低。在過去30年里，人均收入(per capita income)增長超過了8%。由于2008年的經(jīng)濟(jì)變遷，許多私營企業(yè)被迫倒閉。正是由于這個(gè)原因，國有經(jīng)濟(jì)必須要發(fā)展。

　　【解析】

　　1.發(fā)展中的市場經(jīng)濟(jì)是指經(jīng)濟(jì)的重點(diǎn)放在勞動(dòng)力、商品和服務(wù)領(lǐng)域，并由供需關(guān)系決定:該句可使用定語從句進(jìn)行翻譯，其中“重點(diǎn)放在”可譯為put emphasis on sth.;“供需關(guān)系”即“供應(yīng)和需求”，可翻譯為supply and demand。

　　2.因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展，中國的貧困率已經(jīng)降低:“經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展”可譯為economy continues to develop; “貧困率”可用 the poverty rate來表達(dá)。

　　3.由于2008年的經(jīng)濟(jì)變遷，許多私營企業(yè)被迫倒閉:“2008年的經(jīng)濟(jì)變遷”可用economic changes in 2008來表達(dá);“私營企業(yè)”可譯為private enterprises。

　　【參考答案】

　　The economy of China is known as a “developing market economy”.A developing market economy refers to one that puts emphasis on the areas of labor, goods and services, which is set by supply and demand. The economic growth in China has been increasing over the last few years. The average annual growth rate is about 10%. Because its economy continues to develop, the poverty rate in China has decreased. Per capita income has increased over the last three decades by more than 8%.Because of economic changes in 2008, many of the private enterprises were forced to close. It was due to this problem that the national economy had to expand.