1. Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He _____ too much at he party last night.
A could drink B should drink
C would have drunk D must have drunk
【答案】D
解析:must have done表示對過去肯定推測,句意“他昨晚在派對上一定喝多了”。
2. If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he _____ able to speak it much better now.
A. will be B. would be
C.has been D.would have been
【答案】B
解析:If從句中的had spend暗示從句是跟過去事實相反的,而主句中的now暗示主句跟現(xiàn)在事實相反,故用would do句意:如果他從前花店時間練習英語口語,他現(xiàn)在就能說得好多了。
3. I can't find my purse. I ____ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
A. should leave B. must have left
C. might leave D. could have left
【答案】D
解析:句意:我不能找到我的錢包了,昨天我有可能把它落到超市了,但我不確定。根據(jù)句中時間狀語從句yesterday 可知,是對過去事情的推測,故用情態(tài)動詞+have done, 再根據(jù)后句but I'm not sure. 可知,此推測為不能肯定的推測,故用情態(tài)動詞could, 表示"可能"。故選D。
本題抓住兩點:第一、時態(tài)。根據(jù)句中時間狀語可以判斷出是對過去事情的推測,故用情態(tài)動詞 + have done;如果是對現(xiàn)在事情的推測,才用情態(tài)動詞+v原形。
第二、情態(tài)動詞的選擇。must為肯定推測,表示“一定”,could為不肯定推測,表示“可能”,這樣就能選出正確答案。
4. It's strange that he _____ have taken the books without the owner's permission.
A. would B. should
C. could D. might
【答案】B
解析:句意:真奇怪,他竟然沒有主人的允許就拿走了這些書,在句型"It is important / necessary / strange / impossible / natural that...",其中由that 引導的主語從句通常用“should+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣,其中的should 可以省略。故選B。
It is important / necessary / strange / impossible / natural that... 主語從句多數(shù)情況下用虛擬語氣,表達一種要求、命令或者責備、建議或主觀看法。但是如果只是表示陳述一個事實而不是強烈的感情,完全可以用一般的陳述語氣。
試比較: It is strange that he had made a mistake.(陳述一個事實:他犯了錯誤讓人有點奇怪。) It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. (虛擬語氣,說話者是在責備他本不應該犯錯。)
5. There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _____ a second chance to become more involved.
A. had B. will have
C. would have had D. have had
【答案】A
解析:句意:在這個村里有很好的社交生活,并且我希望我再有機會去更多的參與。本題考查wish引導的賓語從句,表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望,所以從句用一般過去時。故選A。
由wish引起的表示愿望的虛擬語氣:
1.用wish表示對現(xiàn)在的愿望時,它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為:過去式(be動詞用were)。
2.用wish表示對將來的愿望時,它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為:would, could, might+ 動詞原形。
3.wish用于對過去的事實表示一種不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望時,賓語從句中的謂語動詞形式為:had+動詞過去分詞或could, would + have +動詞過去分詞。分析此題需抓住前句There is a good social life in the village的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時,可以判斷出此題wish用于對現(xiàn)在的事實表示一種不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。
6. In today's information age, the loss of data _____ cause serious problems for a company.
A. need B. should
C. can D. must
【答案】C
解析:句意:在今天的信息時代,數(shù)據(jù)的丟失有時會對一個公司造成嚴重的問題。數(shù)據(jù)丟失造成嚴重問題是客觀上會發(fā)生的情況,即“客觀可能性”,故該空應用情態(tài)動詞can。C選項正確。其余情態(tài)動詞均沒有該用法。need需要;should應該,竟然;must必須,肯定。
can的基本用法:1. (表示能力、功能)能,會;2. (表示推測)可能,可能會;3.(表示允許,請求)可以;4.(表示客觀可能性)有時會。
7. They might have found a better hotel if they _____ a few more kilometers.
A. drove B. would drive
C. were to drive D. had driven
【答案】D
解析:句意:如果他們多開幾公里的話,他們也許會找到一個更好的旅館。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知,該句是表示對過去的虛擬。if ____ a few more kilometers是條件句部分,表示對過去的虛擬,條件句部分要用過去完成時態(tài),故D選項正確。
1. 表示對現(xiàn)在的虛擬:if條件句用一般過去時,主句用 would / might / could / should+do;
2. 表示對過去的虛擬:if條件句用過去完成時,主句用would / might / could / should+have done;
3. 表示對將來的虛擬:if條件句用were to do / should do / 一般過去時,主句用would / might / could / should+do。
8. If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
A. had caught B. caught
C. have caught D. would catch
【答案】A
解析:句意:如果我們昨天趕上飛機的話,現(xiàn)在我們正在海灘享受我們的假日了。根據(jù)時間狀語yesterday可知,從句表示與過去事實相反,故用had + v-ed。故選A。
9. It ____ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
A.may B.couldn't
C.should D.needn't
【答案】B
解析:由語境“因為你知道很多詞匯”可知,“你練習中的問題不可能是詞匯量不夠造成的”,故用couldn’t表示否定推測,意思是“不可能”。
10. I ____ to my cousin's birthday party last night, but I was not available.
A.went B.had gone
C.would go D.would have gone
【答案】D
解析:前一分句使用了含蓄條件虛擬語氣,表示與過去事實相反的假設,主句應該用would have done結(jié)構(gòu)。完整表達是:I would have gone to my cousin's birthday party last night if I had been available。
此題可以根據(jù)but I was not available.這個事實,判斷前面的句子是與事實不符的,用虛擬語氣。
熱點關注: