2018年大學(xué)英語四級考試語法模擬題:倒裝
倒裝是指英語中主謂順序顛倒的一種語法現(xiàn)象。倒裝的原因有三:一是為了求得句子的平衡,二是為了強調(diào),三是為了追求某種特殊的效果,如修辭上的要求等。倒裝從形式上可以分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。前者指整個謂語都放在主語之前,后者指謂語的一部分(主要是助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞)放在主語之前,而另一部分放在主語后。下面我們將對這兩種形式在考試中經(jīng)常考察的地方予以闡述。
經(jīng)典考題
1.She wanted to go .
A) and so her brother did B) and so did her brother
C) and too her brother D) and did her brother ,too
考點分析
在以so, nor, neither, no more 開頭的并列句中,表示前面一句話中的謂所說的情況也適合于后一句話,采用倒裝并且省去與前一句相同的成分。在此句型中,要注意后一句中所用的助動詞、系動詞、情態(tài)動詞與前一句相一致。如:
I can’t answer this question, nor can Tom.
You are not preparing your lessons, neither are we.
答案:1. B
經(jīng)典考題
1. Never him in such a good mood.
A) I have found B) have found I
C) have I found D) I found
2. Only under special circumstances to take make- up tests.
A) are freshmen permitted B) freshmen are permitted
C) permitted are freshmen D) are permitted freshmen
3. No sooner the bus than the waiting crowd got on it .
A) did … stopped B) has … stopped
C) had … stopped D) was… stopping
否定詞(或否定詞組)位于句首,引起后面的部分倒裝。常見的形式有:
1)never (從不),seldom, rarely(不常),little, scarcely, hardly等表示否定意義的詞或含有no的狀語如at no time (任何時候都不),by no means (一點也不),in no case (決不),no account (決不),under no circumstance (決不)等位于句首,引起半倒裝。
2)由not until, only when 等或not until + 時間狀語,only +介詞短語作狀語置于句首,引起部分倒裝。
3)從屬連詞no sooner had …than (一……就),scarcely/hardly had…when (一……就)引起部分倒裝。在此種句型中,主句謂語通常用過去完成時,從句謂語一般用過去時,倒裝時將助動詞had 放于主語前。
3)并列連詞not only …but (also ), neither …nor 或?qū)⑵渲械膎ot only, neither 放在句首,引起部分倒裝。如:
Not only did he show himself a good student, but he also proved himself a good athlete.
答案:1. C 2.A 3.C