6.多重復(fù)合句疊加
所謂多重復(fù)合句疊加,就是說(shuō)一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句子當(dāng)中可能包含了好幾種句式(并列的定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、介詞短語(yǔ)等等)。
解牛方法:分清主從句,理清句子邏輯關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。通常采用圖表法。例如:
(1)Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. (2006.1)
結(jié)構(gòu)圖:
★①——☆①
○——○——
★②——☆②
說(shuō)明:
○——○=then there is the general, all covering apology
★①=which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act
★②= and which the person should promise never to do again
☆①= that was particularly hurtful or insulting
☆②= Who is apologizing
顯然,原句子是由有there be引導(dǎo)做主句,后面跟了兩個(gè)which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,兩者是并列的。比較特殊的是which定語(yǔ)從句中有各自有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,像是一個(gè)連環(huán)套。
分解為以下幾個(gè)句子:
1.Then there is the general, all covering apology
2.Which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act
3.That was particularly hurtful or insulting
4.And which the person
5.Who is apologizing
6.Should promise never to do again
翻譯:
1.然后就有了一種一般意義的、無(wú)所不包的道歉
2.這種道歉避免了一種指明特別行為的必要性
3.特別是讓人傷心或者令人委屈的行為
4.這種道歉使得人們
5.道歉的人們
6.承諾以后不再犯類似的行為
句子整合翻譯:然后還有一種泛泛的無(wú)所不包的道歉,這種道歉避免了一種指明特別讓人傷心、特別令人委屈的、道歉者應(yīng)該保證以后不會(huì)再犯的具體行為。