2019年6月大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解訓(xùn)練：外星生物

　　A scientist once said: “I have concluded that the earth is being visited by intelligently controlled vehicles from outer space.”

　　If we take this as a reasonable explanation for UFOs (unidentified flying objects), questions immediately come up.

　　“Why don’t they get in touch with us, then? Why don’t they land right on the White House lawn and declare themselves?” people asked.

　　In reply, scientists say that, while this may be what we want, it may not necessarily be what they want.

　　“The most likely explanation, it seems to me,” said Dr. Mead, “is that they are simply watching what we are up to -- that responsible society outside our solar system is keeping an eye on us to see that we don’t set in motion a chain reaction that might have unexpected effects for outside our solar system.”

　　Opinions from other scientists might go like this: “Why should they want to get in touch with us? We may feel we’re more important than we really are! They may want to observe us only and not interfere with the development of our civilization. They may not care if we see them but they also may not care to say ‘hello’.”

　　①Some scientists have also suggested that Earth is a kind of zoo or wildlife reserve. ②Just as we set aside wilderness areas and wildlife reserves to allow animals and growing things to develop naturally while we observe them, so perhaps Earth was set aside ages ago for the same purpose.

　　①Are we being observed by intelligent beings from other civilizations in the universe? ②Are they watching our progress in space travel? ③Do we live in a gigantic “zoo” observed by our “keepers,” but having no communication with them?

　�、貼ever before in our history have we had to confront ideas like these. ②The simple fact is that we, who have always regarded ourselves as supreme in the universe, may not be so. ③Now we have to recognize that, among the stars in the heavens, there may very well be worlds inhabited by beings who are to us as we are to ants.

　　11. People who ask the question “Why don’t they get in touch with us... and declare themselves?” think that ________.11. 提出“那么他們?yōu)槭裁床缓臀覀兟?lián)系呢?為什么他們不正好降落到白宮的草坪上然后自我介紹一下呢?”這些問題的人認(rèn)為________.

　　[A] there are no such things as UFOs[A] 不明飛行物這種東西是不存在的

　　[B] UFOs are visitors from solar system[B] 不明飛行物是來自太陽系的探訪者

　　[C] there’s no reason for UFOs sooner or later[C] 對于不明飛行物的說法遲早會(huì)理屈詞窮的

　　[D] we are bound to see UFOs sooner or later[D] 人類遲早會(huì)看見不明飛行物的

　　[分析]本題考查的知識點(diǎn)是：推理引申。

　　根據(jù)第一、二段可知，題干中的問題是“如果將來自外太空的智能飛船正在造訪地球作為對不明飛行物的合理解釋”就會(huì)出現(xiàn)的問題。第四到七段引用科學(xué)家的話對這一問題給予了回復(fù)：對為什么人類同外星人之間沒有聯(lián)系進(jìn)行了推測�？梢�，問這些問題的人并不相信外星生物或不明飛行物是存在的，而科學(xué)家的推測卻在證明它們可能是存在的。故[A]選項(xiàng)正確。

　　[B]選項(xiàng)是根據(jù)UFOs和solar system編造的干擾項(xiàng)，且[B]選項(xiàng)本身表達(dá)亦不正確。文中指出如果外星人是存在的，那他們一定存在于太陽系之外的某個(gè)星系之中。[C]選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在no reasons。文章第四到七段給出針對這些問題的解答，所以并非是理屈詞窮。[D]選項(xiàng)反向干擾，從上面的分析可知提出問題的人是不相信UFOs是存在的，所以他們也不會(huì)認(rèn)為遲早會(huì)見到不明飛行物。

　　12. According to Dr. Mead, the attitude of beings from outer space toward us is one of ________.12.米德博士認(rèn)為來自外太空的生物對人類的看法會(huì)是_______。

　　[A] unfriendliness[A] 不友善的

　　[B] suspicion[B] 猜疑的

　　[C] superiority[C] 盛氣凌人的

　　[D] hostility[D] 敵意的

　　[分析]本題考查的知識點(diǎn)是：推理引申。

　　根據(jù)題中人物關(guān)鍵詞Dr. Mead定位到文章第五段。針對一些人提出的外星人為何不同人類接觸的問題，米德博士認(rèn)為最可能的解釋就是他們只是負(fù)責(zé)留意我們，確保我們的行動(dòng)不會(huì)觸發(fā)能夠危害到他們的連鎖反應(yīng)。由此可知，米德博士的觀點(diǎn)是外星人對人類的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是猜疑的，故[B]選項(xiàng)正確。

　　[A]、[C]選項(xiàng)都是其他猜測認(rèn)為來外星生物會(huì)對人類所持的態(tài)度。[D]選項(xiàng)從文中無從推知。

　　13. The tone of the writer is that of ________.13. 作者的語氣是________。

　　[A] doubt[A] 懷疑的

　　[B] warning[B] 警告的

　　[C] indifference[C] 冷漠的

　　[D] criticism[D] 批判的

　　[分析]本題考查的知識點(diǎn)是：作者態(tài)度。

　　文章第八段是作者觀點(diǎn)的闡述。第八段第二句指出人類從未有過外星生物是否存在的想法正是人類自身的盲目優(yōu)越感所致。作者認(rèn)為也許正是這種盲目自大，使我們否定了外星生物的存在，但是外星生物一定是存在于茫茫宇宙的某個(gè)星體上，他們看待我們就如同我們看待螞蟻一般�？梢姳疚淖髡咚�持的是批判的態(tài)度，故[D]選項(xiàng)正確。

　　[A]選項(xiàng)反向干擾。第八段第三句話明確指出，我們必須認(rèn)識到茫茫星海中也許真的有外星生物的存在。從文中無法得出作者對否定外星人存在的人所給的警示之語，故排除[B]選項(xiàng)。第八段中always, supreme, have to, who are to us as we are to ants等表明了作者并不是漠然的，故[C]選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。