2018年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解試題：選詞填空專項(xiàng)（六）

　　第十一篇

　　Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients 47____ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.

　　Times have changed. Today, we take pain 48____. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in 49____ a person’s well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disrupt (擾亂) a person’s life, causing problems that 50____ from missed work to depression.

　　That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who 51____ in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social 52____ related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often 53____ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理醫(yī)生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.

　　This modern 54____ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a 55____ number of drugs available, and many of them caused 56____ side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.

　　注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答

　　A) result

　　B) involves

　　C) significant

　　D) range

　　E) relieved

　　F) issues

　　G) seriously

　　H) magnificent

　　I) determining

　　J) limited

　　K) gravely

　　L) complained

　　M) respect

　　N) prompting

　　O) specialize

　　參考答案及解析

　　47題： when older patients __47__ of pain，前面是patients為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，后面是of，確定應(yīng)填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞;后半句為they were told告訴我們填入過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞，滿足此題的單詞分別是：J) limited L)complained E)relieved，根據(jù)本句中的pain(痛苦)，確定L)complained(抱怨)與pain(痛苦)的感情方向一致。

　　48題：前面是we take pain __48__，確定應(yīng)填入副詞來(lái)修飾take，滿足的單詞有

　　G) seriously嚴(yán)肅的K) gravely，由于是pain(痛苦)，搭配嚴(yán)肅，如果這兩個(gè)單詞都不認(rèn)識(shí)也是2猜1。

　　49題：in __49__ a person’s well-being.，我們知道，in后面跟兩種詞性，名詞或動(dòng)名詞，比如spend time in doing sth，所以滿足的單詞有I) determining決定，確定 N)prompting，2猜1。

　　50題：causing problems that __50__ from missed work to depression.，由于有from---to---,所以填入動(dòng)詞單配這兩個(gè)介詞，由于沒(méi)有任何特殊信息詞，本題填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形，由于前面是problems這個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)，所以排掉B)involves，滿足的只有O) specialize ，D)range，兩個(gè)都不認(rèn)識(shí)，先放著不管，待會(huì)再結(jié)合處理。

　　51題：now depend upon physicians who __51__ in pain medicine，后面是in，確定填動(dòng)詞搭配in，前面是physicians who，人作主語(yǔ)，并且是復(fù)數(shù)，所以必須是動(dòng)詞原形，滿足的單詞依然是O) specialize ，D)range，我們可以將50和51題全部填入O) specialize，結(jié)果是必對(duì)一道，有時(shí)候放棄是為了得到。

　　52題：other psychological and social __52__，前面是psychological and social這兩個(gè)形容詞，空內(nèi)應(yīng)該填入名詞，由于是other，要求我們填入一個(gè)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，滿足的只有一個(gè)單詞F)issues B)involves，二選一，別著急，讓我們看下一道題。

　　53題：Such comprehensive therapy often __53__ the work，前面是often，要求空內(nèi)填入實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，Such comprehensive therapy明顯是單數(shù)，不認(rèn)識(shí)也無(wú)所謂，確定空內(nèi)的填入的單三形式的動(dòng)詞，滿足的是F)issues B)involves，知道怎么樣最功利嗎?那就是這道題和上面的52題都填入其中一個(gè)，結(jié)果依然必對(duì)一道!!!

　　54題：This modern __54__ for pain management，前面是形容詞modern，要求填入名詞被它修飾，滿足的是A)result結(jié)果 M)respect(尊重)，空后是介詞for ,有一點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)的人都知道M) respect(尊重)最搭配for，所以也就排除了它作為動(dòng)詞原形的可能性，所以現(xiàn)在知道我為什么將51題的滿足單詞固定為O) specialize ，D)range了嗎?

　　55題：there were only a __55__ number of drugs available,根據(jù)后面的名詞number，和前面的a，我們確定天形容詞修飾number,滿足的有C) significant H)magnificent J) limited有限的，同學(xué)們，看到了only了嗎?答案是 limited有限的。

　　56題：and many of them caused __56__ side effects，后面是名詞概念side effects，填入形容詞來(lái)修飾吧!滿足的只有C) significant H)magnificent J)，2猜1吧，結(jié)合49題2猜1，幾率是兩道2猜1，兩道可以對(duì)一道。

　　第十二篇

　　Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects.

　　You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.

　　Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.

　　Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.

　　Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.

　　Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.

　　[A] positive[B] additional[C] duration[D] effective [E] shed [F] physical

　　[G] food [H] functions [I] participated [J] rely [K] cut [L] repeatedly

　　[M] uses [N] little [O] obvious

　　參考答案及解析

　　47. E 該空需填入動(dòng)詞原形，結(jié)合原意“和大多數(shù)美國(guó)人一梯狀，你(的體重)可能也有幾磅需要________”可知，E(去除)最符合文意。

　　48. F 結(jié)合常識(shí)和下文可知，F(xiàn)最符合文意。

　　49. A 結(jié)合句意“令人驚奇的是，為了看到長(zhǎng)期________效果你不必節(jié)食或常去健身館”，可知空格處需填一形容詞，初選后留下A、D。由于下文只是講到運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)幫助減肥，但并未說(shuō)明它的效果明顯，所以此處宜選用意思上更寬泛的positive(正面的，有效的)。

　　50. H 下文舉例的breathing, blood circulation and digestion都是人體的基本功能，且其后的functioning已給出了提示，故H最符合文意。

　　51. B 該空需填入形容詞，結(jié)合常識(shí)和句意“任何時(shí)候只要你活動(dòng)，你都需要________能量”來(lái)看選項(xiàng)，B(額外的)符合文意。

　　52. C 該句句意為“采用這兩種能量消耗來(lái)源中的哪一種取決于你活動(dòng)的強(qiáng)度和________”，結(jié)合下文提到的...low to moderately intense and of long duration...可知C最符合文意。

　　53. J 結(jié)合句意“(活動(dòng)的)強(qiáng)度越低，身體越________于脂肪作為其燃料”，該空應(yīng)填入能和on搭配的動(dòng)詞，J最符合文意。

　　54. D 結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)是最有效的減肥方式，選項(xiàng)中D最符合文意。

　　55. L 該空需填入副詞，選項(xiàng)中只有L和N可作副詞，由下文提到的walking, running, swimming, dancing, and jumping等可推知在這些有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)中四肢的活動(dòng)是反復(fù)的，故排除N。

　　56. I 該空需填入動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，結(jié)合句意“如果你已經(jīng)________高強(qiáng)度、爆發(fā)性的運(yùn)動(dòng)，你會(huì)燃燒更多的脂肪”可知I最符合文意。