2018年12月大學英語四級閱讀理解試題：選詞填空專項（四）

　　第七篇

　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

　　Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated ____47 ___? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date.

　　Many people are afraid to assert(表現(xiàn))themselves. Dr. Alberti thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole ____48 ___ is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There's always '____49 ___' around-a parent, a teacher, a boss-who 'knows better'. These superiors often gain when they chip(削弱) away at your self-image."

　　But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people ____50 ___ themselves. They ____51 ___ "assertiveness training" courses-At for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more ____52 ___ without hurting other people.

　　In one way. learning to speak out is to ____53 ___ fear. A group taking a course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger ____54 ___-the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.

　　Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to ____55 ___ your own good sense.

　　You go by the other person's ____56___ . But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.

　　[A] doubt [I] peace [B] active [J] demand [C] system [K] ask

　　[D] offer [L] superior [E] unfairly [M] overcome[F] unfortunately

　　[N] confidence　[G] motive [O] roar [H] image

　　【答案解析】

　　47. E 結(jié)合句意“當別人對你________時，你是否曾經(jīng)不敢反駁?”在備選項的副詞中，E(不公平地)最符合文章。

　　48. C 結(jié)合句意“我們整個________的目的就是讓人們懷疑自己…”，再根據(jù)備選項中的名詞釋義，C最符合文章。且文章的下兩句都是對這一system的解釋。

　　49. L 下文提到的These superiors即指空格所缺內(nèi)容，故L正確。

　　50. H 該空應(yīng)填入動詞原形。由上文提到的Many people are afraid to assert themselves和下文提到的"assertiveness training" courses可推知，H最符合文意。

　　51. D 結(jié)合句意“他們(科學家)________‘自信訓練’課程”來看選項，D最符合文意。

　　52. B 上文和空格所在句都提到通過學習課程能給人們帶來很多益處，由此推測該空應(yīng)填入一個含積極之意的形容詞，故B(活躍的)符合文章。

　　53. M 結(jié)合句意“在某種程度上，學會大聲說出來的目的就是________恐懼心理”可知，M(戰(zhàn)勝)最符合句意。

　　54. G 結(jié)合句意“但AT采用一個更為強大的________，即互相分享的需要”來看選項，G(動機)最符合文意。

　　55. A 結(jié)合常理和上文提到的If someone you face is more"important"than you, you may feel less of a person可推知，此時人很容易懷疑自我，故A符合文意。

　　56. J 該空應(yīng)填入名詞，結(jié)構(gòu)句意“你依照別人的________行事”和下文對此的否定可推知，J最符合文意。

　　第八篇

　　Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients 47____ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.

　　Times have changed. Today, we take pain 48____. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in 49____ a person’s well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disrupt (擾亂) a person’s life, causing problems that 50____ from missed work to depression.

　　That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who 51____ in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social 52____ related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often 53____ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理醫(yī)生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.

　　This modern 54____ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a 55____ number of drugs available, and many of them caused 56____ side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.

　　注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答

　　A) result

　　B) involves

　　C) significant

　　D) range

　　E) relieved

　　F) issues

　　G) seriously

　　H) magnificent

　　I) determining

　　J) limited

　　K) gravely

　　L) complained

　　M) respect

　　N) prompting

　　O) specialize

　　【答案解析】

　　47題： when older patients __47__ of pain，前面是patients為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，后面是of，確定應(yīng)填入一個動詞;后半句為they were told告訴我們填入過去時動詞，滿足此題的單詞分別是：J) limited L)complained E)relieved，根據(jù)本句中的pain(痛苦)，確定L)complained(抱怨)與pain(痛苦)的感情方向一致。

　　48題：前面是we take pain __48__，確定應(yīng)填入副詞來修飾take，滿足的單詞有

　　G) seriously嚴肅的K) gravely，由于是pain(痛苦)，搭配嚴肅，如果這兩個單詞都不認識也是2猜1。

　　49題：in __49__ a person’s well-being.，我們知道，in后面跟兩種詞性，名詞或動名詞，比如spend time in doing sth，所以滿足的單詞有I) determining決定，確定 N)prompting，2猜1。

　　50題：causing problems that __50__ from missed work to depression.，由于有from---to---,所以填入動詞單配這兩個介詞，由于沒有任何特殊信息詞，本題填入一個動詞原形，由于前面是problems這個復(fù)數(shù)，所以排掉B)involves，滿足的只有O) specialize ，D)range，兩個都不認識，先放著不管，待會再結(jié)合處理。

　　51題：now depend upon physicians who __51__ in pain medicine，后面是in，確定填動詞搭配in，前面是physicians who，人作主語，并且是復(fù)數(shù)，所以必須是動詞原形，滿足的單詞依然是O) specialize ，D)range，我們可以將50和51題全部填入O) specialize，結(jié)果是必對一道，有時候放棄是為了得到。

　　52題：other psychological and social __52__，前面是psychological and social這兩個形容詞，空內(nèi)應(yīng)該填入名詞，由于是other，要求我們填入一個名詞復(fù)數(shù)，滿足的只有一個單詞F)issues B)involves，二選一，別著急，讓我們看下一道題。

　　53題：Such comprehensive therapy often __53__ the work，前面是often，要求空內(nèi)填入實義動詞，Such comprehensive therapy明顯是單數(shù)，不認識也無所謂，確定空內(nèi)的填入的單三形式的動詞，滿足的是F)issues B)involves，知道怎么樣最功利嗎?那就是這道題和上面的52題都填入其中一個，結(jié)果依然必對一道!!!

　　54題：This modern __54__ for pain management，前面是形容詞modern，要求填入名詞被它修飾，滿足的是A)result結(jié)果 M)respect(尊重)，空后是介詞for ,有一點基礎(chǔ)的人都知道M) respect(尊重)最搭配for，所以也就排除了它作為動詞原形的可能性，所以現(xiàn)在知道我為什么將51題的滿足單詞固定為O) specialize ，D)range了嗎?

　　55題：there were only a __55__ number of drugs available,根據(jù)后面的名詞number，和前面的a，我們確定天形容詞修飾number,滿足的有C) significant H)magnificent J) limited有限的，同學們，看到了only了嗎?答案是 limited有限的。

　　56題：and many of them caused __56__ side effects，后面是名詞概念side effects，填入形容詞來修飾吧!滿足的只有C) significant H)magnificent J)，2猜1吧，結(jié)合49題2猜1，幾率是兩道2猜1，兩道可以對一道。