翻譯資格考試英語口譯中級(jí)模擬題：鼓勵(lì)舉報(bào)

　　漢譯英

　　美國證券交易委員會(huì)高額懸賞鼓勵(lì)舉報(bào)人

　　"太多人在面對(duì)欺詐行為時(shí)選擇了沉默。"美國證券交易委員會(huì)(SEC)主席Mary Schapiro感嘆道。5月25日，她公布了鼓勵(lì)舉報(bào)公司犯罪的新規(guī)定。舉報(bào)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)將會(huì)包含現(xiàn)金：如果舉報(bào)產(chǎn)生了100萬美元以上的罰款，那么舉報(bào)人可獲得罰款金額的10-30%。企業(yè)游說組織美國商會(huì)將其稱作"賞金計(jì)劃"，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)那些盼著一夜暴富的業(yè)余偵探。其威脅性會(huì)導(dǎo)致有人采取法律行動(dòng)來阻止這一計(jì)劃。

　　國會(huì)為應(yīng)對(duì)金融危機(jī)在去年通過了多德佛蘭克金融改革法案(Dodd-Frank act)，這些新規(guī)定是應(yīng)該法案的要求制定的。同時(shí)也延續(xù)了早就開始的鼓勵(lì)公司員工站出來舉報(bào)的做法。在能源公司安然(Enron)在連串的欺詐案件中轟然倒下之后，國會(huì)采取的善后措施中就包括通過了薩班-奧克利法案(Sarbanes-Oxley act)保護(hù)舉報(bào)人免遭報(bào)復(fù)。

　　員工舉報(bào)老板從來就不是件容易事。最著名的舉報(bào)人，安然公司前高官Sherron Watkins，可能從沒有將她對(duì)于公司會(huì)因詐騙倒閉的預(yù)測(cè)公布于眾。她只是在公司內(nèi)部提出了她的擔(dān)憂，但是沒有人理睬。

　　當(dāng)證券交易委員會(huì)在去年11月公布規(guī)定的草案時(shí)，公司擔(dān)心金錢獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)會(huì)促使內(nèi)部知情人越過內(nèi)部程序直接向委員會(huì)舉報(bào)，因?yàn)檫@樣會(huì)降低被老板陷害或者被貼上"不滿員工"標(biāo)簽的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。新出臺(tái)的規(guī)定試圖改變這一狀況，比如規(guī)定在一些情況下可以獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)只在內(nèi)部舉報(bào)沒有外傳的員工。

　　靠舉報(bào)發(fā)財(cái)?shù)臋C(jī)會(huì)也許會(huì)刺激一心想發(fā)財(cái)?shù)耐稒C(jī)式舉報(bào)。Schapiro女士的新舉報(bào)官可能會(huì)被無效的線索淹沒。但是即使是這樣也好過現(xiàn)狀。

　　參考譯文

　　The SEC offers a huge carrot to encourage whistle-blowers

　　"TOO many people remain silent in the face of fraud," says Mary Schapiro, the chairman of America's Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC). On May 25th she announced new rules to encourage corporate whistle-blowing. Inducements will include cash: 10-30% of fines of over $1m that result from tip-offs. The US Chamber of Commerce, a business lobby, calls it a "bounty programme" that will reward "amateur sleuths in search of a big payday". It is threatening legal action to block it.

　　The new rules were required by the Dodd-Frank act, Congress's response to the financial crisis, which was passed last year. They follow an earlier effort to encourage employees to speak up. After Enron, an energy firm, collapsed in a flurry of fraud, Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley act in 2002 which, among other things, protected whistle-blowers from retaliation.

　　Employees have never found it easy to squeal on employers. Perhaps the most celebrated of corporate whistle-blowers, Sherron Watkins, a former executive at Enron, never went public with her prediction that the company might be brought down by fraud. She reported her concerns internally, and was ignored.

　　When the SEC released draft rules in November, businesses fretted that the financial rewards would prompt insiders to go straight to the commission, bypassing their firms' internal procedures—especially since that would reduce the risk of being victimized by the boss or branded a "disgruntled employee". The new rules try to correct this, for example by allowing a reward to be paid in some circumstances to whistle-blowers who only grumble internally.

　　The chance of making a fortune may encourage speculative whistle-blowing in the hope of winning the lottery. Ms Schapiro's new Office of the Whistle blower may be deluged with useless tips. But even that might be better than the status quo.