習(xí)題四

　　2001 年 9 月考題

　　TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)

　　Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

　　The most important fact in Washington’s failure on Thursday to be re-elected for the first time since 1947 to the U.N. Human Rights Commission is that it was American’s friends, not its enemies, that engineered the defeat. After all, China and Cuba and other targets of U.S. –led criticism in the committee were always going to vote and lobby against Washington; the shock came in the fact that the European and other Western nations that traditionally ensured U.S. re-election turned their backs on Washington.

　　Many traditional U.S. supporters clearly withdrew their votes to signal displeasure over U.S. unilateralism. They have been increasingly chagrined by Washington’s tendency to ignore the international consensus on issues ranging from the use of land mines to the Kyoto climate change treaty. They are also critical of what they see as Washington’s tendency to publicise the issue of human rights, using annual resolutions at the committee to denounce China or Cuba when that conforms to U.S. foreign policy objectives but for the same reason voting alone in defence of Israel when that country is in the dock over its conduct.

　　分析：

　　① The most important fact in ⑵ Washington’s failure ⑴ on Thursday to be re-elected ⑸ for the first time ⑷ since 1947 ⑶ to the U.N. Human Rights Commission is ⑹ that it was American’s friends, not its enemies, that engineered the defeat.

　　譯文：本周四，美國(guó)政府未能在聯(lián)合國(guó)人權(quán)委員會(huì)中連任 / 再次當(dāng)選為聯(lián)合國(guó)人權(quán)委員會(huì)成員，遭遇自 1947 年來(lái)的首次滑鐵盧，其最重要的原因 / 其罪魁禍?zhǔn)自谟诿绹?guó)的盟友而非宿敵。

　　考點(diǎn)：轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞 → 動(dòng)詞 failure →未能

　　轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：省略被動(dòng)詞 to be re-elected → 連任;再次當(dāng)選

　　換序譯法

　　具體譯法：比喻法： failure →滑鐵盧

　　成語(yǔ)法： the most important fact →罪魁禍?zhǔn)?/P>

　　engineer: arrange or cause sth, esp. by cunning or secret means 策劃;圖謀

　　eg. engineer a plot, scheme, revolt 策劃一項(xiàng)陰謀詭計(jì);策動(dòng)叛亂

　　同義詞： plan, devise, contrive, maneuver(manoeuvre), bring about, mastermind, orchestrate

　　同位語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　�、� After all , China and Cuba and other targets of U.S.–led criticism in the committee were always going to vote and lobby against Washington; the shock came in the fact that the European and other Western nations that traditionally ensured U.S. re-election turned their backs on Washington.

　　譯文：畢竟中國(guó)、古巴等一些在人權(quán)委員會(huì)中受到以美國(guó)為首批評(píng) / 抨擊 / 斥責(zé)的國(guó)家，總是投票或游說(shuō)反對(duì)美國(guó)政府，令人匪夷所思的是，那些一貫全力支持 / 確保美國(guó)連任的歐洲國(guó)家及其他西方國(guó)家，這次卻對(duì)美國(guó)政府說(shuō)了“不”。

　　考點(diǎn)： after all: ⑴ in spite of what has been said, done or expected 畢竟;終究

　　eg. So you have come after all. 你終究還是來(lái)了!

　　⑵ it should be remembered 那是應(yīng)該記得的

　　eg. After all, he is still boy. 別忘了，他還只是個(gè)孩子。

　　lobby: lobby (sb) for/against sth: try to persuade (a politician, etc.) to support or oppose proposed legislation or an organization/government 游說(shuō)

　　轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞→動(dòng)詞 criticism →批評(píng)

　　名詞→形容詞 shock →令人匪夷所思的

　　and 的翻譯：這里可以不必譯為“和”，可譯為“等”，表明包含關(guān)系。

　　were always going to=would 表示一種特殊的行為

　　抽象譯法： turn their back on →對(duì)……說(shuō)不

　�、� Many traditional U.S. supporters clearly withdrew their votes to signal displeasure over U.S. unilateralism.

　　譯文：顯然，許多美國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)支持國(guó)家沒(méi)有投票支持美國(guó)，以此對(duì)美國(guó)奉行單邊主義表示不滿。

　　考點(diǎn)：換序譯法： clearly 置于句首翻譯

　　正反譯法： withdrew their votes →撤銷選票支持(正譯)

　　→沒(méi)有投票支持(反譯)

　　增詞譯法： signal displeasure over U.S. unilateralism → 對(duì)美國(guó)奉行單邊主義表示不滿

　　unilateralism: a tendency of nations to conduct their foreign affairs individualistically, characterized by minimal consultation and involvement with other nations, even their allies.

　　單邊主義：?jiǎn)为?dú)行使國(guó)外事務(wù)的國(guó)家傾向，特點(diǎn)是與其他國(guó)家最小限度的磋商和牽連，甚至是盟國(guó)。

　　單方面裁軍

　　(反義詞)： multilateralism →多邊主義