TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
The biggest problem of the third industrial revolution is as easy to explain as it is difficulty to solve. Technology is creating a global economy that is rapidly supplanting our old national economies. National governments cannot control this new economy, yet no one, least of all Americans, wants to create the form of global government that might be able to control it. As a result we were going to be living in a fundamentally unmanaged economic system. The difficulties of containing the 1997 Asian economic meltdown are just the first of many such difficulties we can expect.
National governments, which used to worry about managing and maintaining their economic systems, are slowly being pushed out of business. Changes in global finance overwhelm all but the largest governments. Governments have lost much of their influence over the movement of information and capital. They cannot control who crosses their borders either physically or culturally.
Conversely, the power of global business is growing with companies’ ability to move to the most advantageous locations and play countries off against one another in bidding for attractive investment projects.
分析：
�、賂he biggest problem of the third industrial revolution is as easy to explain as it is difficulty to solve.
譯文：第三次工業(yè)革命的首要問題容易說明，卻很難解決。
考點(diǎn)： as…as的翻譯：既……又……;這里有轉(zhuǎn)折
比較級的翻譯
英語的比較結(jié)構(gòu)是非常復(fù)雜的，其表現(xiàn)形式是多樣性的。就其等級而言，有原級(positive degree)、比較級(comparative degree)、最高級(superlative degree)。就其性質(zhì)而言，有強(qiáng)化性質(zhì)的比較，遞增和遞減性質(zhì)的比較、否定性質(zhì)的比較、選擇性質(zhì)的比較、限制性質(zhì)的比較、含蓄性質(zhì)的比較等。
一、強(qiáng)化語勢的比較
more than+原級：表示強(qiáng)調(diào)
She is more than charming and lovely.
譯文：她分外多嬌。
You do me more than pride.
譯文：你使我感到不勝榮幸。
After all these years of working together, he is more than a friend to me.
譯文：他和我共事那么多年，豈只是我的普通朋友//我們已成莫逆之交。
as…as…：不僅……而且……;既……又……
Your composition is as concise as potent.
譯文：你的文章短小精悍
still less=much less：更談不上，何況，甚至……還
For the sake of scientific research, we spare no sacrifice of life, much less time and energy.
譯文：為了科學(xué)研究，我們甚至不惜犧牲生命，還舍不得付出實(shí)踐與精力嗎?
far/much/considerably/appreciably/a lot/a good deal/+比較級：遠(yuǎn)勝于;遠(yuǎn)比……多
In a sense, translation is considerably more difficult than composition. As an English proverb goes, “a genuine translator must necessarily be ‘a(chǎn) man of common sense’.”
譯文：從某種意義上說，翻譯比寫作難得多，正如英語諺語所說的那樣，“一個真正的翻譯家必定是有‘常識的人’�！�
no+比較級：并不;一點(diǎn)也沒有
He is no better after taking the pills.
譯文：他吃完藥后一點(diǎn)也沒好。
second to none：比……毫無遜色;最好的
China is a highly civilized nation. She cherishes a time-honored cultural tradition. Chinese architecture is second to none in artistic style.
譯文：中國是一個高度文明的國家，她有歷史悠久的文化傳統(tǒng)，其建筑在藝術(shù)風(fēng)格方面，與其他國家的相比毫無遜色。
二、遞增級和遞減級
the more…the more：越……越……;愈……愈……
The more developed is industry, the more serious is environmental pollution.
譯文：工業(yè)越發(fā)達(dá)，環(huán)境污染越嚴(yán)重。
more…, less…：越……，反而更……
More haste, less speed.
譯文：欲速則不達(dá)。
最高級……最高級：越……越……;最……最……
He who smiles last smiles best.
譯文：誰笑到最后，笑得最好。
all the+比較級：反而更……
He is suffering from insomnia. Hence, he usually takes overdose of methaqualone, and that is all the worse for his health.
譯文：他患失眠癥，因而時常服用過量的安眠酮，但這對他的健康，反而更加不利。
no less than：不但……而且……
He is no less proficient in astronomy than in geography.
譯文：他不僅精通天文，而且精通地理。
more than：很……;……有余
He is more than a gentleman, who will give his seat to the elderly on the bus.
譯文：他很紳士，在公交車上會給老年人讓座。
三、否定性質(zhì)的比較
比較級+than+原級：……有余而……不足;有……而無……
The commander is more brave than wise.
譯文：司令官有勇無謀。
You are more cautious than decisive.
譯文：你謹(jǐn)慎有余而果斷不足。
比較級+of+名詞+than+被比較的名詞：與其說……不如說……
He is more of a strategist than a statesman.
譯文：與其說他是一個政治家，不如說他是個戰(zhàn)略家。
more than+名詞：非……
His feeling is more than words can describe.
譯文：他的感情非語言所能描繪。
more than+動詞：毫不……
He more than hesitated to undertake this task and expressed his firm resolution to overfulfill it ahead of time.
譯文：他毫不遲疑地承擔(dān)了這項(xiàng)任務(wù)，而且表示決心，一定要提前超額完成。
否定詞+than(prep)：并不;并非
Through his lack of experience, he is no more skillful than Alice in practical operation.
譯文：由于缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，他在實(shí)際操作方面，并不比艾麗絲熟練。
四、選擇性比較和限制性比較
had better：最好……;以……為妙
You‘d better look before you leap.
譯文：凡事要三思而后行。
prefer to…rather than…：寧可……不愿……;與其……不如……;寧……毋……
The hero preferred to die standing rather than live kneeling.
譯文：這位英雄寧可站著死，不愿跪著生。
so/as far/long as：只要
So long as my lingering gasp lasts, I will never cease studying.
譯文：只要我一息尚存，就要學(xué)習(xí)不止。
�、赥echnology is creating a global economy (that is rapidly supplanting our old national economies.)
譯文：科技正在創(chuàng)造一種全球經(jīng)濟(jì)，來迅速代替我們陳舊的國民經(jīng)濟(jì)體制。
考點(diǎn)：單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)technology不要翻譯成“技術(shù)”，最好翻譯成“科技”。
定語從句：前置╳ 省略法★
具體譯法：national economies→國民經(jīng)濟(jì)體制
�、跱ational governments cannot control this new economy, yet no one, least of all Americans, wants to create the form of global government (that might be able to control it).
譯文：各國政府無法掌控新經(jīng)濟(jì)，也沒有人想要建立能夠掌控這種新經(jīng)濟(jì)的全球性政府機(jī)構(gòu)/形式，就更別提美國人了//美國人就更不用說了。
考點(diǎn)：增詞譯法：governments→各國政府
比較級表否定：least of all: to an insignificant degree 最不
eg. Least of all would I lie to you. 我絕不會對你撒謊。
定語從句的翻譯：前置法
�、蹵s a result we were going to be living in a fundamentally unmanaged economic system.
譯文：從而我們可能/似乎要生活在一個根本沒有管理/無法掌控的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制中。
考點(diǎn)：were going to=would 表示假想的現(xiàn)在的動作或事件
eg. It would be a pity to miss the film. 要是趕不上電影就可惜了。
1) 與imagine，say，think各詞連用表示偏愛
eg. I would be only too glad to help you. 我非常高興能幫忙。
2) 用來評述特有的行為
eg. That’s just what he would say. 那正是他會說的話。
It would rain on the day we chose for a picnic. 我們選定野餐的那天偏要下雨。
3) 用于so that，in order that之后，以表示目的
eg. She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them.
她把那些信都燒了，這樣她丈夫就永遠(yuǎn)看不到它們了。
⑤The difficulties of containing the 1997 Asian economic meltdown are just the first of many such difficulties we can expect.
譯文：抑制/遏制1997年亞洲經(jīng)濟(jì)災(zāi)難/崩潰所遇到的麻煩，只不過是我們可以預(yù)料到的潰堤蟻穴/麻煩的開始。
考點(diǎn)：meltdown: catastrophe 徹底垮臺;災(zāi)難
具體譯法：just the first of many such difficulties→潰堤蟻穴
�、轓ational governments, (which used to worry about managing and maintaining their economic systems), are slowly being pushed out of business.
譯文：過去常常為各自經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的管理和維系而殫精竭慮的各國政府，正漸漸地變得無所作為//正日漸沒落。
考點(diǎn)：定語從句的翻譯：前置法(如像參考文那樣翻譯，則主語削弱)
轉(zhuǎn)型譯法：動詞→名詞 manage→管理 maintain→維系
轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：被主交換 are slowly being pushed out of business→日漸沒落
out of business→破產(chǎn)
⑦Changes in global finance overwhelm all but the largest governments.
譯文一：世界上只有最大的幾個政府才能在全球金融動蕩中屹立不倒。
譯文二：全球金融瞬息萬變，唯一難不倒全球最大的幾個政府。
考點(diǎn)：change不要翻成“變化”，因?yàn)椤敖鹑谧兓贝钆洳缓谩?/P>
轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞→形容詞 change→瞬息萬變
正反譯法：overwhelm→屹立不倒;難不倒(反譯)
換序譯法
�、郍overnments have lost much of their influence over the movement of information and capital.
譯文：政府對信息和資本流動的影響已喪失大半/微乎其微。
⑨They cannot control who crosses their borders either physically or culturally.
譯文：無論是外人入境，或是文化入侵，政府都已無能為力。
考點(diǎn)：physically: using violence 使用暴力地;動武地
eg. Are you going to cooperate or go we have to get physical?
你是跟我們合作，還是我們非得動武呢?
轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：副詞→名詞 physically→外人 culturally→文化
換序譯法
�、釩onversely, the power of global business is growing with companies’ ability to move to the most advantageous locations and play countries off against one another in bidding for attractive investment projects.
譯文：截然相反的是，全球性大公司利用近水樓臺先得月/遷往最有利的地方，唆使國與國之間為爭取有吸引力/誘人的投資項(xiàng)目而鷸蚌相爭，權(quán)力不斷增長。
考點(diǎn)：play A off against B: cause two people or groups to oppose each other, esp. for one’s own advantage. 挑撥離間(從中取利)
具體譯法：play off against→唆使……鷸蚌相爭
