春暖花開，萬物……阿嚏!本是一年好時節(jié)，奈何不少人卻因“聞花打噴嚏、流鼻涕”而無法感受“春色滿園關(guān)不住”的愉悅。
目前全國正處在春季的花粉季。每到此時，各家醫(yī)院的耳鼻喉科室都會擠滿了過敏性鼻炎患者。近年，我國過敏性疾病發(fā)病率呈現(xiàn)逐年升高的趨勢。
Every spring, when the pollen1 concentration rises, the nose and throat departments of hospitals will be packed. Incidence of the allergic2 diseases has been growing in China in recent years. Incidence of allergic rhinitis, which used to be widespread in some developed Western countries only, also began to prevail in China.
每年春天，花粉濃度上升時，醫(yī)院的鼻咽喉科就會擠滿了人。近年來，我國過敏性疾病的發(fā)病率呈上升趨勢。過敏性鼻炎以前只在一些西方發(fā)達(dá)國家普遍流行，現(xiàn)在其發(fā)病率在我國也開始升高。
研究顯示，我國過敏性鼻炎患病率達(dá)18%，估計患病人群超過2.5億，尤其在兒童和青壯年中發(fā)病較多。
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通過對全國幾萬病例進(jìn)行分析，北京同仁醫(yī)院院長、國家衛(wèi)健委變態(tài)反應(yīng)科臨床重點�？曝�(fù)責(zé)人張羅教授團(tuán)隊的研究顯示，花粉是導(dǎo)致我國過敏性鼻炎的主要室外過敏原。
In Beijing, for example, the most common allergenic pollens3 in spring include those from the large-fruited elm tree, Cathay poplar, ash, acacia and white birch.
以北京為例，春季最常見的致敏花粉包括榆樹、楊樹、白蠟、合歡樹和白樺的花粉。
Allergic rhinitis is caused by both the external environment — which includes air pollution and pollen — and internal factors, in which heredity and an individual’s immune system come into play. Besides nose-related symptoms, it can also lead to lung disease, asthma4, insomnia5, anxiety and depression if not controlled properly, according to experts.
過敏由外部環(huán)境比如空氣污染、花粉濃度等，以及內(nèi)部環(huán)境如遺傳和自身免疫系統(tǒng)因素引起。專家表示，除了鼻部癥狀，如控制不當(dāng)，過敏還可能引發(fā)肺部疾病、哮喘、失眠、焦慮、抑郁。
It is still a global challenge because the pathogenesis is unclear and current treatments cannot delay progression of the disease. In addition, most allergens are closely linked to human living environments and are impossible to simply wipe out. And most treatment methods can only control symptoms.
過敏性疾病在全球仍然是一個難以攻克的難題，因為它的發(fā)病機制尚不清楚，目前的治療方法不能延緩疾病的進(jìn)展。此外，大多數(shù)過敏原與人類生活環(huán)境密切相關(guān)，不可能簡單地根除。而大多數(shù)治療方法只能控制癥狀。
Zhang suggested enhancing medical research, raising public awareness6 and making current treatment methods accessible to more people. It will also help to place allergic rhinitis under the national chronic7 disease supervision8, prevention and treatment system, as well as planting flowers, trees and grass that induce fewer allergic reactions in city landscaping, he said.
張羅建議加強醫(yī)學(xué)研究，提高公眾意識，讓更多的人了解目前的治療方法。他也呼吁，將過敏性鼻炎納入國家慢病監(jiān)控和防治體系當(dāng)中，并且在城市綠化中選取引起過敏反應(yīng)少的花草樹木進(jìn)行種植。
“現(xiàn)階段，多數(shù)治療過敏的藥物已經(jīng)納入醫(yī)保，說明對于患者的關(guān)愛和照顧在基礎(chǔ)層面上是做的很不錯的�！彼f�！皩�人來講，找到過敏原，并避免接觸過敏原，是最有效的方法。比如對蒿粉植物過敏，春秋季節(jié)就不要去內(nèi)蒙古草原地區(qū)騎馬了�！�
口譯： 翻譯資格考試二級口譯模擬題
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資料來源考試網(wǎng)校老師主講教材精講班課程，完整講義下載進(jìn)入個人中心>>
