A British biotech company called Oxitec has permission to release genetically modified mosquitoes in Florida and Texas.

　　一家名為Oxitec的英國生物科技公司已獲得許可，將在佛羅里達(dá)州和德克薩斯州釋放轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子。

　　The Environmental Protection Agency approved an experimental use permit May 1 that allows Oxitec to release genetically modified mosquitoes in the Florida Keys and Harris County, Texas, where Houston is located.

　　美國環(huán)保局5月1日批準(zhǔn)了一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)使用許可，允許Oxitec公司在佛羅里達(dá)群島和德克薩斯州休斯頓所在的哈里斯縣釋放轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子。

掃描下方二維碼，進(jìn)入“每日一練”免費(fèi)在線測試

　　"To meet today's public health challenges head-on, the nation needs to facilitate innovation and advance the science around new tools and approaches to better protect the health of all Americans,” according to the EPA's news release.

　　環(huán)保局發(fā)布的新聞稿中寫道：“為了正面迎接現(xiàn)在的公共衛(wèi)生挑戰(zhàn)，美國需要促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新、推動(dòng)圍繞新工具和新方法的科學(xué)進(jìn)步，以更好地保護(hù)所有美國人的健康�！�

　　The permit, which lasts for two years, requires Oxitec to "monitor and sample the mosquito population weekly."

　　這一為期兩年的許可令要求Oxitec公司“每周對蚊子進(jìn)行監(jiān)控和抽樣檢驗(yàn)。”

　　"EPA has also maintained the right to cancel the (permit) at any point during the 24-month period if unforeseen outcomes occur,” according to the release.

　　新聞稿稱：“如果發(fā)生了不可預(yù)見的結(jié)果，環(huán)保局保留在24個(gè)月內(nèi)的任何時(shí)間點(diǎn)取消許可令的權(quán)利。

　　Remember a few years ago when people – especially pregnant women – were concerned about contracting the Zika virus?

　　記得幾年前人們——尤其是孕婦——擔(dān)心感染寨卡病毒嗎?

　　It's the virus that could cause a birth defect called microcephaly (underdevelopment of the head and brain), according to the Centers for Disease Control.

　　根據(jù)美國疾病控制中心，寨卡病毒會(huì)導(dǎo)致一種名為小頭畸形(頭部和腦部發(fā)育不全)的出生缺陷。

　　Well, Oxitec claims its Aedes aegypti mosquito (known as the OX5034) can drastically reduce the spread of Zika as well as dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever.

　　Oxitec公司聲稱他們的轉(zhuǎn)基因埃及伊蚊(通用名：OX5034)可以大幅降低寨卡病毒以及登革熱、基孔肯雅熱和黃熱病的傳播。

　　Male mosquitoes don't bite; they feed on flower nectar. Basically, male mosquitoes are harmless to humans. But female mosquitoes use blood to grow their eggs.

　　雄蚊不會(huì)咬人，它們以花蜜為食�；�本上，雄蚊對人類是無害的。但雌蚊靠吸血來育卵。

　　Oxitec created a male mosquito with a special gene that prevents female offspring from surviving to adulthood. The new males grow up, mate with more females and over time the number of Aedes Aegypti declines.

　　Oxitec公司造出一種擁有特別基因的雄蚊，可以防止雌性后代存活到成年。新的雄蚊會(huì)長大，和更多雌蚊交配，隨著時(shí)間過去，埃及伊蚊的數(shù)量就會(huì)減少。

　　In Brazil, which suffered a Zika outbreak in 2015 and 2016, the company claims its "friendly" mosquitoes reduced the population of Aedes Aegypti by 89% to 96%.

　　巴西在2015年至2016年曾暴發(fā)寨卡病毒，該公司聲稱它們的“友好”蚊子將巴西的埃及伊蚊的數(shù)量減少了89%到96%。

　　Is there opposition to these genetically modified mosquitoes?

　　這種轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子有沒有遭到過反對?

　　Yes.

　　有的。

　　Oxitec has been trying to make Florida the first US test site for its "friendly" mosquitoes for nearly a decade.

　　近十年來，Oxitec公司一直試圖讓佛羅里達(dá)州成為美國首個(gè)測試“友好”蚊子的試驗(yàn)區(qū)。

　　The company came close in 2016, but local officials in Monroe County (the Florida Keys) ultimately voted no. Oxitec pulled its request and decided to try again with what it described as an upgraded version of the mosquito. That's what the EPA approved May 1.

　　該公司在2016年差點(diǎn)就成功了，但是門羅縣(佛羅里達(dá)群島)的當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T最終投了反對票。Oxitec公司撤回申請，決定用據(jù)稱是升級(jí)版的蚊子再試一次。這就是環(huán)保局5月1日批準(zhǔn)的轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子。

　　Before weekly mosquito releases can start, however, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services and the Florida Keys Mosquito Control District have to approve.

　　然而，在每周釋放蚊子的項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)前，還需經(jīng)過佛羅里達(dá)農(nóng)業(yè)和消費(fèi)者服務(wù)部以及佛羅里達(dá)群島蚊蟲控制區(qū)的批準(zhǔn)。

　　The Florida Keys Environmental Coalition hopes to persuade officials to vote no again.

　　佛羅里達(dá)群島環(huán)保聯(lián)盟希望說服官員再次投反對票。

　　"We have repeatedly asked for Oxitec to work with us to prove the technology is safe," Barry Wray, executive director of the Florida Keys Environmental Coalition, said in a statement in 2018 after Oxitec applied for its second permit.

　　在Oxitec公司申請第二個(gè)許可證后，佛羅里達(dá)群島環(huán)保聯(lián)盟的執(zhí)行理事巴里·雷2018年在一份聲明中說：“我們已經(jīng)反復(fù)請求Oxitec公司與我們合作來證明這一技術(shù)是安全的�！�

　　"Instead of receiving Oxitec's cooperation to provide this confidence, we have witnessed a pattern of avoidance, misrepresentations, obfuscations and using marketing and political influence to persuade the stakeholders to proceed with what is truly a poorly designed experiment on our public and ecosystems," Wray said.

　　“但是，Oxitec公司不但沒有與我們合作來說服我們，我們還目睹了逃避、歪曲、迷惑以及用營銷和政治影響來說服各方利益團(tuán)體對公眾和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)如此拙劣的試驗(yàn)�！�

　　The Texas releases aren't scheduled until 2021.

　　德克薩斯州的釋放蚊子項(xiàng)目則要到2021年才提上日程。

　　口譯：翻譯資格考試三級(jí)口譯模擬題

　　筆譯：翻譯資格考試三級(jí)筆譯模擬題

　　資料來源考試網(wǎng)校老師主講教材精講班課程，完整講義下載進(jìn)入個(gè)人中心>>