中與歐盟的關(guān)系

　　女士們、先生們、朋友們：

　　今天，我很榮幸給大家介紹歐盟的一些情況以及歐盟與中國(guó)的關(guān)系。

　　歐盟全稱為歐洲聯(lián)盟，是在歐洲共同體基礎(chǔ)上由25個(gè)(27)獨(dú)立的國(guó)家組成的，目的是為了加強(qiáng)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)合作。原來(lái)稱“歐共體”或“歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體”。

　　目前的25個(gè)成員國(guó)是奧地利、比利時(shí)、丹麥、芬蘭、法國(guó)、希臘、愛(ài)爾蘭、意大利、盧森堡、荷蘭、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典、英國(guó)、塞浦路斯(希臘部分)、捷克共和國(guó)、愛(ài)沙尼亞、匈牙利、拉脫維亞、立陶宛、馬耳他、歐蘭、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亞。

　　歐盟25國(guó)總面積400萬(wàn)平方公里，接近半個(gè)中國(guó)的面積。總?cè)丝跀?shù)為4.544億，排行第三，僅次于中國(guó)和印度，約占世界總?cè)丝诘?%。

　　歐盟統(tǒng)一貨幣為歐元，2002年1月1日正式啟用。到目前為止，已經(jīng)有12個(gè)歐盟成員國(guó)用歐元取代其本國(guó)貨幣。統(tǒng)一貨幣是旅行和價(jià)格比較變得容易些，它還為歐洲的商業(yè)往來(lái)、刺激增長(zhǎng)與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境。

　　到目前為止，歐盟的國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值逾10萬(wàn)億美元。作為一個(gè)整體，這個(gè)規(guī)模與它的主要競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手美國(guó)差不多。經(jīng)濟(jì)總量和貿(mào)易總額分別占全球25%和35%。

　　歐盟與中國(guó)關(guān)系十分友好。今年5月歐盟與中國(guó)就建交30周年了。去年，歐盟與中國(guó)的進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易總額達(dá)到2，000億歐元。德國(guó)是中國(guó)最大的貿(mào)易伙伴，英國(guó)、荷蘭名列第二和第三。

　　歐盟正抓住當(dāng)前這一打好的歷史機(jī)遇——團(tuán)結(jié)曾經(jīng)分裂的歐洲大陸，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)和平、穩(wěn)定、民主的歐洲。這次歐盟的擴(kuò)大還將創(chuàng)造一個(gè)幾乎擁有5億消費(fèi)者的統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)，這個(gè)市場(chǎng)飽含經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和不斷繁榮的極大潛力。

　　我的話講完了，謝謝大家!

　　10.4 中國(guó)與東盟的關(guān)系

　　A: Excuse me, could you tell me when ASEAN was established? And how many member countries does it have now?

　　B: 東盟于1967年8月8日成立，目前有10個(gè)成員國(guó)，它們是：文萊、柬埔寨、印度尼西亞、老撾、馬來(lái)西亞、緬甸、菲律賓、泰國(guó)、新加坡和越南。

　　A: Besides these 10 member countries, ASEAN also always holds the 10+1, 10+3 meetings. Does it mean that ASEAN has some dialogue partners?

　　B: 是的。東盟有10個(gè)對(duì)話伙伴，它們是澳大利亞、加拿大、中國(guó)、歐盟、印度、日本、俄羅斯、新西蘭、韓國(guó)和美國(guó)。

　　A：What is the area that ASEAN covers? How many languages are spoken in this region? What is the total population?

　　B: 東盟地區(qū)面積大約有450萬(wàn)平方公里，有14中官方語(yǔ)言和7種宗教。人口總數(shù)在2000年有5.12億。

　　A: 4.5 million square kilometers is about half of China’s territory, such a big regional organization neighboring China. How is the relationship between ASEAN and China now?

　　B：東盟不僅在區(qū)域上面積廣大，在經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、科技上也是一個(gè)舉足輕重的地區(qū)。所有的東盟成員國(guó)都是中國(guó)的友好近鄰。自從上世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)，中國(guó)與東盟的關(guān)系一直很好，政治聯(lián)系日益密切。

　　A：Can you give some data?

　　B: 在中國(guó)與東盟的關(guān)系中，經(jīng)貿(mào)�？萍挤矫娴暮献魇腔�本的組成部分。1994年的貿(mào)易總額從120億增加到235億美元，其中中歐廣告的出口是109.2億美元，進(jìn)口123.6億美元。雙方的相互投資過(guò)去幾年也不斷增加。東盟在勞動(dòng)力合作和項(xiàng)目開(kāi)放方面已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)的重要市場(chǎng)。中國(guó)和東盟已經(jīng)同意用8年的時(shí)間創(chuàng)建世界人口最密集的自由貿(mào)易區(qū)。

　　A：The relationship is very good economically, but how about politically?

　　B：東盟是一個(gè)非�；钴S的地區(qū)性組織，在發(fā)展相互了解與互信、捍衛(wèi)地區(qū)國(guó)家間的和平與發(fā)展起到非常積極的作用。中國(guó)與東盟的友好合作證明，國(guó)家無(wú)論大小，他們可能有不同的歷史背景、社會(huì)制度、發(fā)展水平、文化傳統(tǒng)以及價(jià)值觀念，但是只要他們遵守和平共處五項(xiàng)原則，他們一定會(huì)和諧共處，共同發(fā)展。

　　10.5 Diplomatic work for the people

　　It is true that we have been making every effort to serve the purpose of doing diplomatic work for the people. On the international stage, in order to do good and practical things for the people, we have to rely on our friends. In this regard, Chinese leaders have played an exemplary role. They have made many good friends for China in the world. Last year, President Hu Jingtao, Chairman Wu Bangguo of the National People’s Congress, Premier Wen Jiabao and Chairman Jia Qinglin of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference visited a total of 34 countries. During their short yet tightly scheduled visits, they conducted extensive activities. Last year alone, we received 29 visiting heads of state, 23 heads of government and 42 foreign ministers.

　　In addition, different departments and industries across the country have been engaged in other diplomatic activities so as to make friends for the motherland and do practical things for the people. The inter-parliamentary, party-to-party and military-to-military diplomatic activities between China and other countries are fairly active, and a large number of Chinese NGOs are also active players in the international arena, such as the Chinese Youth League, the All China Women’s Federation and the All China Federation of Trade Unions. Many Chinese cities have also established twin-city relations with their foreign counterparts.

　　At present, China has 235 diplomatic missions abroad staffed with over 5600 people, of whom 3200 are from the Foreign Ministry. Ambassador Sun Bian, who was recently named as one of the top 10 figures inspiring China most in 2004, is one of the best representatives of the Foreign Ministry.

　　Recently, I came across a group of figures from a western newspaper. Let’s take a look at them together to see whether the “China threat theory” makes sense or is nothing but ridiculous nonsense. In 2004, the defense expenditure of the US was US$455.9 billion, accounting for 3.9% of its GDP, while that of China in the same year was only RMB 211.7 billion, making up 1.6% of China’s GDP. The US defense expenditure was 17.8 times that of China.

　　In 2004, the per capita defense expenditure in the US was US$1540 while that of China was about US$20, with the US figure being 77 times that of China. In 2003, the US defense expenditure accounted for 47% of the global total, exceeding the total of the other 25 countries in the world with the largest defense expenditures. The figure was also 3.5 times the total sum of the defense expenditure of the other four permanent members of the Security Council.

　　China follows the road of peaceful development. To maintain peace is both the starting point and the purpose of Chinese diplomacy. I believe that all those who respect the truth will see China a staunch force for peace in the world.