The Law of Competition

　　1) Under the law of competition the employer of thousands is forced into the strictest economies among which the rates paid to labor figure prominently.2) The price which society pays for the law like the price it pays for cheap comforts and luxuries is great but the advantages of this law are also greater than its cost—for it is to this law that we owe our wonderful material development which brings improved conditions in its train.3) But whether the law be benign or not we cannot evade it; of the effect of any new substitutes for it proposed we can not be sure; and while the law may be sometimes hard for the individual it is best for the race because it insures the survival of the fittest in every department.4) We accept and welcome therefore as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves great inequality of environment; the concentration of business industrial and commercial in the hands of a few; and the law of competition between these ,as being not only beneficial but essential to the future progress of the race.

　　參考譯文

　　在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的法則下，上萬人的雇主不得不實(shí)行一些最嚴(yán)厲的節(jié)約措施，其中節(jié)約給工人報(bào)酬的那部分占很大一部分。社會(huì)為這個(gè)法則付出的代價(jià)如同為低廉的舒適條件和奢侈品付出的代價(jià)一樣是巨大的。但帶來的好處超過了代價(jià)，因?yàn)檎�是這個(gè)法則，我們才有了了不起的物質(zhì)進(jìn)步，其結(jié)果是生活水平的提高。但是，不管這個(gè)法則是好是壞，我們無法回避，對(duì)任何建議替代它的新東西，其作用我們是不敢肯定的，雖然這個(gè)法則有時(shí)對(duì)個(gè)人來說可能很殘酷，但對(duì)人類來說是好的，因?yàn)樗�確保每個(gè)領(lǐng)域里適者生存。我們接受并歡迎環(huán)境上的不平等，接受并歡迎讓工商業(yè)經(jīng)營集中在少數(shù)人的手里，接受和歡迎他們之間存在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的法則，我們把所有這一切看成是我們必須適應(yīng)的條件，看成對(duì)人類未來的進(jìn)步不僅有益，而且是很有必要的。