2018年5月CATTI二級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)真題

　　英譯漢

　　passage 1

　　Near Cambodia's Temple Ruins, a Devotion to Learning

　　Millions of tourists come here every year to visit the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat, an influx that has helped transform what once resembled a small, laid-back village into a thriving and cosmopolitan town with thumping nightlife and more than 10,000 hotel rooms.

　　Butthe explosion of the tourism industry here has also done something less predictable. Siem Reap, which had no universities a decade ago, is now Cambodia’s second-largest hub for higher education, after the capital, Phnom Penh.

　　Thesons and daughters of impoverished rice farmers flock here to work as tour guides, receptionists, bartenders and waitresses. When their shifts are over, they study finance, English and accounting.

　　Theestablishment of five private universities here is helping to transform the work force in this part of Cambodia. Employers say that English proficiency is rising and that workers who attend universities stand out for their ability to express themselves and make decisions. A generation of students who would otherwise have had little hope to study beyond high school are enduring grueling schedules to get a degree and pursue their dreams.

　　KhimBorin, a 26-year-old tour guide by day and law student by night, says he wants to become a lawyer. But he sometimes has trouble staying awake in class during the high tourist season, when he spends hours scaling vertiginous temple steps and baking in the tropical sun.

　　Butthe symbiosis of work and study here came together without any master plan.

　　Itwas driven largely by supply and demand: universities opened to cater to the dreams of Cambodia’s youth — and offered flexible hours in sync with the rhythms of the tourist industry.

　　After graduation, students who work and study at the same time often have an edge over fresh graduates who have never worked before, for whom starting a career can be difficult, Ms. Chan and others say.University students are “more communicative,” she said. “If they don’t like something, they speak out.”

　　Ms.Chan and others say they are lucky that Angkor’s temples have proved so popular with tourists. If it were not for the sandstone structures nestled in the jungles, Siem Reap would probably have remained a backwater. Last year, 3.3 million tourists visited Siem Reap, half of them foreigners, according to the Cambodian Ministry of Tourism.

　　英譯漢

　　passage 2

　　India's Education Dream Risks Remaining Just That

　　Atone of the better colleges in India’s capital, there is just one large room for 140 faculty members to sit and have a cup of tea or grade papers. “If even half show up, there aren’t enough chairs,” said Ghazala Amin, a history professor there. “There is no other place to work. In this situation, how do you expect teachers to work?”

　　Thelack of amenities for faculty members is not the only issue. After 30 years at Jesus and Mary College, which is one of dozens administered by the University of Delhi, Ms. Amin makes the equivalent of $22,000 a year — less than half of what some of her better students will make in their first jobs. New opportunities offer not just more money for graduates but also mobility and flexibility, which are virtually unheard of for faculty at most of India’s colleges and universities.

　　Allthis means that India is facing a severe shortage of faculty members. But it is not just low pay and lack of facilities that are being blamed.According to a government report published last year, a massive expansion in higher education combined with a poor supply of Ph.D.’s, delays in recruitment and the lack of incentives to attract and nurture talent has led to a situation in which 40 percent of existing faculty positions remain vacant. The report’s authors, mostly academics, found that if the shortfall is calculated using the class size recommended by the government, this figure jumps to 54 percent.

　　Expertssay this is the clearest sign that India will fail to meet the goal set by the education minister, who has pledged to more than double the size of the country’s higher education system by 2020. They say that while the ambition is laudable, the absence of a long-term strategy to develop faculty will ensure that India’s education dream remains just that.

　　Mr. Balakrishnan of India Institute of Technology in Delhi, meanwhile, was more optimistic. He felt India could enroll as much as 25 percent of eligible students in colleges and universities — about twice the current figure — by 2020. “Tangible changes are happening,” he said. “The debate that has happened in the last few years has taken people out of their comfort zones. There is more consensus across the board that we need to scale quality education.”

　　漢譯英

　　passage 1

　　2000多年前，亞歐大陸上勤勞勇敢的人民，探索出多條連接亞歐非幾大文明的貿(mào)易和人文交流通路，后人將其統(tǒng)稱為“絲綢之路”。千百年來，“和平合作、開放包容、互利共贏”的絲綢之路精神薪火相傳，極大地促進(jìn)了沿線各國繁榮發(fā)展。

　　進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)，面對(duì)復(fù)蘇乏力的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)，紛繁復(fù)雜的國際和地區(qū)局面，傳承和弘揚(yáng)絲綢之路精神更顯重要�！耙粠б宦贰苯ㄔO(shè)是一項(xiàng)系統(tǒng)工程，要堅(jiān)持共商、共建、共享原則，積極推進(jìn)沿線國家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的相互對(duì)接�！耙粠б宦贰敝铝τ趤啔W非大陸及附近海洋的互聯(lián)互通，建立和加強(qiáng)沿線各國互聯(lián)互通伙伴關(guān)系，構(gòu)建全方位、多層次互聯(lián)互通網(wǎng)絡(luò)，實(shí)現(xiàn)沿線各國多元、自主、平衡、可持續(xù)的發(fā)展。“一帶一路”的互聯(lián)互通項(xiàng)目將發(fā)掘區(qū)域內(nèi)市場(chǎng)的潛力，促進(jìn)投資和消費(fèi)，創(chuàng)造需求和就業(yè)，增進(jìn)沿線各國人民的人文交流。

　　漢譯英

　　passage 2

　　2016年，中國的一個(gè)三口之家的碳排放量平均為2.7噸。目前，這個(gè)數(shù)字已升至3.5噸。而在北京、上海、廣州等大城市，每個(gè)家庭的平均碳排放量已接近10噸。碳匯(Carbon Sink)主要是指森林吸收并儲(chǔ)存二氧化碳的能力。森林是陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中最大的碳匯庫。在降低大氣中溫室氣體濃度、減緩全球氣候變暖中具有十分重要的獨(dú)特作用。

　　據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字，每人每年只需要種3棵樹，就可以吸收個(gè)人當(dāng)年排放的二氧化碳。目前中國正在開展公眾可參加的碳匯林項(xiàng)目，如將建四川大熊貓棲息地的熊貓?zhí)紖R林項(xiàng)目等。作為碳排放大戶的一些企業(yè)也已行動(dòng)起來，先后在全國十多個(gè)省區(qū)建碳匯林60多萬公頃。中國將推廣購買碳匯、種植碳匯林等行動(dòng)，加快植樹造林步伐，增加森林碳匯功能。