英譯漢
Maya: Away from Crowds
Central America is home to many secret treasures for tourists who like to avoid the crowds, including numerous ancient Maya settlements.
The seven countries of Central America - Guatemala, Panama, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua and Costa Rica - are full of natural beauty and cultural treasures. Many of the region's nature reserves, ancient Maya settlements and colonial cities have been declared world cultural heritage sites by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
There are lots of volcanoes and an exotic animal kingdom to explore, yet few people outside the region know of them. The view into the crater of the Masaya Volcano in Nicaragua is a breathtaking experience, enlivened by the accompanying strong smell of sulphur and the loud screaming of parrots. Yet the car park on the edge of the crater is nearly empty. This is a boon for daring travelers who can enjoy all the beauty without having to share it with hordes of other visitors.
El Salvador has a "road of flowers" and Nicaragua has a "road of white villages" connecting villages from the colonial period. Honduras is developing a means of connecting the native American communities in the Atlantic coast from the Garifuna, descendants of the Carribean Indians and Africans, to the Miskito Indians in the jungle.
Geological enthusiasts could also follow a volcanic trail through Central America. There are many volcanoes in just a small area, some with perfectly cone-shaped peaks constantly emitting smoke from their craters. Some of them are partially accessible.
A bus travels to the edge of the Masaya craters in Nicaragua, an active volcano just 500 meters high. For safety reasons, every traveler should get local information from the local tourism authority before climbing a volcano.
The Arenal Volcano in northern Costa Rica terrified local inhabitants and tourists in August 2000 when it spouted hot gas and ash.
Individual travelers can easily find travel information. The long distance buses that connect all the countries in the region are very comfortable with air conditioning and TV.
And if you travel through the villages in small, local rundowri buses, you will swiftly come into close contact with local inhabitants and their animals. You are .just as likely to have a hen thrust into your lap as a small child.
詞匯
1.secret treasures秘密寶藏
2.Guatemala危地馬拉
3.Panama巴拿馬
4.Belize伯利茲
5.Honduras洪都拉斯
6.El Salvador薩爾瓦多
7.Nicaragua尼加拉瓜
8.Costa Rica哥斯達黎加
9.natural beauty自然美景
10. nature reserves自然保護區(qū)
11. crater火山口
12. sulphur硫磺
13. boon獎賞
14.hordes比肩接踵的
15. cone-shaped圓錐形的
16. Arenal Volcano阿雷納爾火山
17. rundown破舊的
18. come into close contact親密接觸
注釋
1.Maya：瑪雅文明，公元前2600年左右發(fā)源于猶加敦半島(Yucatan Peninsula)的美洲印第安人文明，在公元325年到925年間處于鼎盛時期，隨后衰落�，F(xiàn)在墨西哥、危地馬拉和伯利茲等處尚存不少遺址。
2. Central America is home to many secret treasures for tourists who like to avoid the crowds: be home to原意為“是……的家園，動物或植物的棲息地或生長地”，這里可理解為秘密寶藏的“隱藏之處”。
3.world cultural heritage:世界文化遺產。在1972年10月聯(lián)合國教科文組織在巴黎召開的第16屆大會上決定成立“世界遺產委員會”(World Heritage Committee)，并建立《世界遺產名錄》(World Heritage List)，鼓勵各國加大對世界遺產的保護力度。自1978年第一批世界遺產得到確認起至2003年，全世界共有754處財產被列入《世界遺產名處錄》，其中包括582處世界文化遺產，149處世界自然遺產(World Natural Heritage)和23處混合遺產。期間我國有29處被列入了該名錄。
4.the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization:聯(lián)合國教育、科學與文化組織，通常簡稱為UNESCO(聯(lián)合國教科文組織)。
5. The view into the crater of the Masaya Volcano in Nicaragua is a breathtaking experience, enlivened by the accompanying strong smell of sulphur and the loud screaming of parrots. 本句意為：當你往尼加拉瓜的瑪莎雅火山口望進去(the view into...)的時候，你會倒吸一口冷氣(breathtaking)，但是當你聞到那股濃烈的硫磺味，聽到鸚鵡尖厲的叫聲時，你又會回過神來，驚嘆( enlivened by)它的壯美。本句有人譯為“游覽尼加拉瓜的瑪莎雅火山是一次驚心動魄的歷程。置身其中，你會被從火山口噴發(fā)出來的強烈硫磺氣味和鸚鵡的尖叫聲所震撼�！边@樣譯法實際上是誤解了原文。原文中的兩個意義相反的關鍵詞 “breathtaking”和“enlivened by”表明，主句和從句描寫了兩個動作或狀態(tài)，一個是朝瑪莎雅火山口看了以后有點窒息的恐怖感，后一個動作則是聞到濃烈的硫磺味和聽到鸚鵡的尖叫聲后為之一驚( enlivened)的感覺。兩者不應該割裂開來。另外，experience一詞這里還是不譯為好。
6. Yet the car park on the edge of the crater is nearly empty. This is a boon for daring travelers who can enjoy all the beauty without having to share it with hordes of others visitors. 這兩句要和上下文聯(lián)系起來理解：盡管瑪莎雅火山如此美麗，但是敢于驅車靠近火山口的人卻很少。所以，它的美景是對那些勇敢的獨行者的一種獎賞。
7....villages from the colonial period:殖民時期，指哥倫布于1492年發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲后至19世紀中葉西班牙殖民者對中美洲的殖民時期。除了伯利茲以外，上述中美洲國家都于19世紀20年代和30年代獲得獨立。
8. Geological enthusiasts could also follow a volcanic trail through Central America.這里volcanic trail意為“連接各座火山的小道”，而不是“由火山構成的小道”。
9. There are many volcanoes in just a small area, some with perfectly cone-shaped peaks constantly emitting smoke from their craters. Some of them are partially accessible.這里后一句中的some是前句中的some的一部分，意為：在那些終年冒著煙灰的火山中，有些山因為煙灰較為濃烈而難以接近。這里“因煙灰濃烈”是句子的隱含意義，如不譯出，本句與上句的聯(lián)系就斷了，很容易給人一種突兀之感。另外，partially accessible不可譯為“只有部分可以接近”或“不能完全接近”那種佶屈聱牙的漢語。在理解原文的本意(即：有些火山由于煙灰濃烈而難以接近)的基礎上，可以把結果(即：因此人們無法完全看清它們的廬山真面目)表達出來。
10.you will swiftly come into close contact with local inhabitants and their animals. You are just as likely to have a hen thrust into your lap as a small child.注意這里just as在意義上連接前面的swiftly和后面的likely，表示兩者的相似性。這里后一句可改寫為：You are likely to_ as you swiftly come into close contact with...。
參考譯文
遠離人群——去瑪雅
中美洲蘊藏著大量的秘密寶藏，包括眾多的古代瑪雅遺址，等待著那些喜歡遠離人群的旅行者去發(fā)現(xiàn)。
中美洲的七個國家——危地馬拉、巴拿馬、伯利茲、洪都拉斯、薩爾瓦多、尼加拉瓜和哥斯達黎加——遍布自然美景和文化寶藏。本地區(qū)有許多自然保護區(qū)、古瑪雅人遺址和殖民時期的城市已經被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入世界文化遺產。
那里有太多的火山和珍禽異獸有待探尋，可是它們卻鮮為外人所知。當你往尼加拉瓜的瑪莎雅火山口望進去的時候，你會倒吸一口冷氣，但是當你聞到那股濃烈的硫磺味，聽到鸚鵡尖厲的叫聲時，你又會回過神來，驚嘆它的壯美。然而火山口附近的停車場卻幾乎空無一人。這是給勇敢者的一種獎賞，他們可以盡情獨享這一切，而不必同比肩接踵的其它游客分享美景。
薩爾瓦多有一條“鮮花之路”，尼加拉瓜則有一條“白色村莊之路”，連接殖民時期留下來的各個村莊。洪都拉斯也正開發(fā)一條信道，把大西洋沿岸的美洲土著人社區(qū)，如加勒比印第安和非洲人的后裔加里福那人社區(qū)，和生活在叢林中的墨斯奇陶印第安人社區(qū)連接起來。
地質愛好者也可以沿著連接各座火山的小道穿越中美洲。中美洲地域不大，但是火山眾多。有些火山呈完美的圓錐形，山口終年噴著煙霧。有些火山因煙灰濃烈而難窺全貌。
旅游汽車可以到達高度僅500米的尼加拉瓜瑪莎雅火山口的邊緣。出于安全原因，每個旅游者登山前必須先到當?shù)芈糜尉至私庥嘘P信息。
2000年8月，哥斯達黎加北部的阿雷納爾火山突然噴出滾燙的氣體和火山灰，令當?shù)鼐用窈陀慰外Р患胺�，魂飛魄散。
旅游散客也很容易獲取有關旅游資料。配有空調和電視的長途客車連接著本地區(qū)的所有國家，是非常舒適的交通工具。
要是你搭乘的是破舊的村際小客車，你很快就可以與當?shù)鼐用窈蛣游镉H密接觸。隨時隨地會有一只母雞像小孩一樣撞到你的懷里。
練習
1. Possibly, tradition says the most about people's character and mentality. The main purpose of tourism, apart from visiting different places, is to get acquainted with each other's customs and cultures.
2. Now a World Heritage Site, Stonehenge and all its surroundings remain powerful witnesses to the once great civilization of the Stone and Bronze Ages, between 5,000 and 3,000 years ago.
3. The Australian continent has many different climatic zones ranging from tropical in the north, leading to subtropical and savanna, to arid deserts in the centre and temperate in the south.
4. Towering over Black Hills of South Dakota at 6,000 feet above sea level are the four life-like figures of American presidents: George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, Thomas Jefferson, and Theodore Roosevelt.
5. The reason for Disney's success are varied and numerous, but ultimately the credit belongs to one person - the man who created cartoon and built the company from nothing.
6. The environment is friendly. The physical beauty of Hawaii is almost unparalleled. Majestic mountains were created millions of years ago by volcanic activity that thrust islands three miles from the ocean floor.
7. The beauty of our country - or at least all of it south of the Highlands - is as hard to define as it is easy to enjoy.
8. We have here no vast mountain ranges, no illimitable plains, deprived of the grandeur that may accompany these things.
9. Hawaiian Islands are one of the most beautiful places on earth. The weather is friendly. The temperature ranges from 60-90 degrees all year long. It's a little cooler in winter, but every day is a beach day for somebody.
10. The Southern Downs region of Queensland has a promotion which does underline the fact that there is more to Queensland than rolling surf beaches, golf courses and coral reefs.
練習答案
1.也許只有傳統(tǒng)才能真正反映出人的性格和精神。旅行的目的，除了四處游覽觀光之外，更重要的就是去了解彼此的風俗和文化。
2.如今作為世界文化遺產，巨石陣及其周圍建筑依舊是5000到3000年前石器時代和青銅時代偉大文明的有力見證者。
3.澳洲大陸跨越許多種不同的氣候帶，有北部的熱帶、亞熱帶和稀樹草原，有中部干旱不毛的沙漠，還有南部的溫帶。
4.在南達克塔州海拔6000英尺的黑山頂上聳立著華盛頓、林肯、杰弗遜和羅斯福四位美國總統(tǒng)栩栩如生的塑像。
5.迪斯尼樂園的成功有許多原因，但是歸根結底要歸功于一個人，這個人發(fā)明了卡通畫，白手起家，創(chuàng)建了這家公司。
6.夏威夷環(huán)境宜人，自然美景無與倫比。數(shù)百萬年前火山爆發(fā)，把這些小島推離海底足有3英里高，形成了壯麗的山脈。
7.我們美麗的國家——至少蘇格蘭高地以南的地帶——有目共賞而難以描繪。
8.這兒沒有崇山峻嶺，沒有一望無際的平原，也沒有廣袤的森林，因而無從領略這些景物是何等壯觀。
9.夏威夷群島是地球上最美麗的地方之一。氣候舒適，終年氣溫都保持在60到90華氏度之間。夏季天氣稍微偏熱，冬季涼爽一些。但對某些人來說，每天都是一個可以享受海灘的日子。
10.昆士蘭的南部丘陵地區(qū)的旅游廣告突出宣傳了一個事實：昆士蘭的美景遠遠不止沙灘沖浪、高爾夫球場和大堡礁。
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