2018年翻譯考試英語筆譯中級模擬題：天氣變暖后果

　　漢譯英

　　隨著天氣變暖，北極圈的冰層開始融化，海水涌上來開始侵蝕沿岸村落。

　　拜考夫斯凱村位于俄羅斯東北部沿海地區(qū)，居住著457個(gè)村民，這里的海岸線已經(jīng)遭到破壞，海水正以每年15-18英尺的速度向內(nèi)陸的房屋和采暖用油桶逼近。

　　“這里本來全都是冰，我們稱之為永久凍土，但是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)開始融化了�！睂τ诰幼≡诒睒O圈里的四百萬人來說，氣候變化給他們帶來了新的機(jī)遇。但是，這也威脅著他們賴以生存的環(huán)境和家園，而對于那些祖祖輩輩生活在冰雪荒原的人們來說，這還關(guān)乎他們能否保住自己的文化。

　　對北部地區(qū)的進(jìn)一步開發(fā)隨著北冰洋的融化加快了腳步，給當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣駧�來了利益，也帶來了危險(xiǎn)。在巴倫支海和卡拉海發(fā)現(xiàn)了廣闊的油田，但人們擔(dān)心先裝滿石油然后很快就是液化天燃?xì)獾妮喆�發(fā)生災(zāi)難事故，這些船將卷起海浪，穿過斯堪地那維亞半島近海的捕魚區(qū)，一直開往歐洲和北美州市場。當(dāng)越來越多的發(fā)電機(jī)、大煙囪和各種重型車輛進(jìn)入這個(gè)地區(qū)幫助發(fā)展能源工業(yè)時(shí)，也會使這片處女地受到污染。

　　阿拉斯加州也存在著海岸侵蝕的問題，這迫使美國政府打算遷移數(shù)個(gè)因紐特人的村莊，每個(gè)村莊的預(yù)計(jì)搬遷費(fèi)用高達(dá)一億多美元。

　　在北極區(qū)，在極端冰冷環(huán)境里生存了幾百年的本地部落注意到了氣候和野生動物的變化，他們想去適應(yīng)這種變化，但常常不知所措。

　　在挪威最北面的芬馬克省，每到冬末，北極的大片土地一望無際，好像冰雪高原，萬籟俱寂，偶爾只會聽見幾聲馴鹿的鳴叫和摩托雪橇放牧馴鹿的轟鳴。

　　但是即使在那里，人們也感受到了北極的變化。“馴鹿越來越不開心�！�31歲的養(yǎng)鹿人埃拉說道。

　　其實(shí)談及保護(hù)環(huán)境和本土習(xí)俗，沒有什么國家可以與挪威相提并論。政府把開發(fā)石油獲得的財(cái)富都用在了北極地區(qū)，薩米人的文化也因此得到了某種意義上的復(fù)興。

　　但是無論有多少來自于政府的支持都無法讓埃拉相信，他以鹿為生的日子將會和以往一樣。象德克薩斯州的養(yǎng)牛人，他對自己放養(yǎng)的馴鹿數(shù)量守口如瓶，但是他說，春秋兩季氣溫上升，導(dǎo)致表層雪融化，天冷后結(jié)成冰，馴鹿就更難于刨食到地表的植物。

　　“那些制定政策的人都住在南方的城市里，”埃拉坐在用鹿皮搭建的家里說，“那些決策者注意不到天氣的變化。只有真正住在大自然里、從大自然獲得生活資源的人才能注意到這一切�！�

　　參考譯文

　　Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.

　　In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year.

　　"It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle,a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.

　　A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.

　　Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $100 million or more for each one.

　　Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.

　　In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.

　　A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.

　　Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.

　　And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat.

　　"The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."

　　A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.

　　熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注：2018年翻譯資格考試catti二級筆譯練習(xí)(70篇)