2018翻譯資格考試catti二級(jí)筆譯模擬試題：海洋貿(mào)易

　　英譯漢

　　Ancient Arab Shipwreck Yields Secrets of Ninth-Century Trade For more than a decade， archaeologists and historians have been studying the contents of a ninth-century Arab dhow that was discovered in 1998 off Indonesia’s Belitung Island.The sea-cucumber divers who found the wreck had no idea it eventually would be considered one of the most important maritime discoveries of the late 20th century.

　　The dhow was carrying a rich cargo — 60，000 ceramic pieces and an array of gold and silver works — and its discovery has confirmed how significant trade was along a maritime silk road between Tang Dynasty China and Abbasid Iraq. It also has revealed how China was mass-producing trade goods even then and customizing them to suit the tastes of clients in West Asia. "Shipwrecked： Tang Treasures and Monsoon Winds，” at the new， lotus-shaped ArtScience Museum designed by Moshe Safdie， presents items from the Belitung wreck. Curated by the Asian Civilisations Museum here and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery and Smithsonian Institution in Washington， the show is expected to travel to museums around the world over the next five to six years.

　　“This exhibition tells us a story about an extraordinary moment in globalization，” said Julian Raby， director of the Smithsonian’s Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery. “It brings to life the tale of Sinbad sailing to China to make his fortune. It shows us that the world in the ninth century was not as fragmented as we assumed. There were two great export powers： the Tang in the east and the Abbasid based in Baghdad.”

　　Until the Belitung find， historians had thought that Tang China traded primarily through the land routes of Central Asia， mainly on the Silk Road. Ancient records told of Persian fleets sailing the Southeast Asian seas but no wrecks had been found， until the Belitung dhow. Its cargo confirmed that a huge volume of trade was taking place along a maritime route， said Heidi Tan， a curator at the Asian Civilisations Museum and a co-curator of the exhibition.

　　Mr. Raby said： “The size of the find gives us a sense of two things： a sense of China as a country already producing things on an industrialized scale and also a China that is no longer producing ceramics to bury.” He was referring to the production of burial pottery like camels and horses， which was banned in the late eighth century. “Instead， kilns looke for other markets and they started producing tableware and they built an export market.”

　　【參考譯文】

　　十多年來(lái)，考古學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家一直在精心研究 1998 年在印度尼西亞勿里洞島附近發(fā)現(xiàn)的一膄19 世紀(jì)單桅三角帆船殘骸。發(fā)現(xiàn)這些殘骸的深海潛水員們根本不會(huì)想到這終將成為 20 世紀(jì)末最重要的海洋發(fā)現(xiàn)之一。

　　由發(fā)現(xiàn)的 60,000 塊瓷器碎片與大量金銀器可見(jiàn)，這膄三角帆船當(dāng)時(shí)運(yùn)載著沉重的貨物。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)還證實(shí)了海上絲綢之路對(duì)古中國(guó)唐朝與伊拉克阿巴斯王朝之間的雙邊貿(mào)易往來(lái)發(fā)揮的重要作用。同時(shí)也揭示了中國(guó)當(dāng)時(shí)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始大批量生產(chǎn)貿(mào)易物資，并可訂購(gòu)滿足西亞消費(fèi)者需求的產(chǎn)品。勿里洞島沉船殘骸在莫什 ·薩菲德設(shè)計(jì)的蓮花狀新型科學(xué)藝術(shù)博物館中展出，這一展覽名為“唐代珍寶與季風(fēng)產(chǎn)物：沉船殘骸”。由亞洲文明博物館與華盛頓亞瑟 ·麥·薩克雷美術(shù)館共同舉辦的展覽將有望于在今后五到六年內(nèi)環(huán)游世界，到他國(guó)進(jìn)行展覽。“這一展覽述說(shuō)了一個(gè)在全球化進(jìn)程中偉大時(shí)刻的故事”，史密森尼博物館中的弗利爾美術(shù)館與亞瑟· 麥· 薩克雷美術(shù)館的館長(zhǎng)朱莉安·拉比

　　這樣說(shuō)道。這一展覽把我們帶入了辛巴航行來(lái)到中國(guó)尋找財(cái)寶的生活中。也向我們證明了 19 世紀(jì)的世界并不如我們想象中的那樣支離破碎。當(dāng)時(shí)就已經(jīng)存在兩個(gè)出口大國(guó)，即東方的唐朝與巴格達(dá)的阿巴斯王朝。直到勿里洞殘骸被發(fā)現(xiàn)，歷史學(xué)家們才知道古中國(guó)唐朝時(shí)期主要是通過(guò)陸路與中亞國(guó)家進(jìn)行貿(mào)易往來(lái)，尤其是通過(guò)絲綢之路。古代記錄表明，曾有波斯艦隊(duì)航行到東南亞海域，但直到勿里洞島三角帆船被發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)，才發(fā)現(xiàn)一些沉船殘骸。船上裝載的貨物可以證實(shí)，通過(guò)海上絲綢之路，當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行大量的貿(mào)易往來(lái)，亞洲文明博物館館長(zhǎng)兼展覽負(fù)責(zé)人海蒂·唐說(shuō)道。拉比稱：“本次發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)模之大，向我們傳遞了兩個(gè)信息：一是中國(guó)作為一個(gè)國(guó)家，當(dāng)時(shí)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始進(jìn)行工業(yè)化生產(chǎn);二是中國(guó)不僅僅是只生產(chǎn)陪葬瓷器的國(guó)家�！彼�提到，在 18 世紀(jì)末期，是禁止生產(chǎn)諸如駱駝和馬匹之類的陪葬陶器的。反之，窯爐出產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品正在尋求銷售市場(chǎng)，當(dāng)時(shí)的人們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)餐具并且開(kāi)始從事出口貿(mào)易。