2017年catti中級(jí)筆譯考試模擬試題：綠色基因技術(shù)

　　【英譯漢】

　　Green Gene Technology

　　For the past 10,000 years humans have influenced the plants they use at first unknowingly, later by design. Today's crops have been created by a process of selection and classical breeding.

　　More specific improvements in breeding will be possible in future.

　　Science has cracked the genetic information code. Green gene technology is an effective tool in crop breeding, enabling us to develop new crops even more rapidly and specifically. We can make them more efficient, optimizing their contents and valuable substances to suit the wishes and requirements of customers and the processing industry. Their metabolism can be individually modified, making them produce starch, protein and fats with special properties. Through gene transfer plants can be made more resistant to viruses, bacteria, harmful fungi and insect pests.

　　Genetically modified plants can be cultivated to possess improved stress behavior, with the result that they absorb water better in dry locations and can make more efficient use of soil nutrients. We can also optimize weed control. To do so, we make crops tolerant to environmentally sound and easily degradable herbicides. This is not as simple as it sounds. But we have been successful: Innovator has been on the Canadian market since 1995.This is the first oilseed rape variety to contain the glufosinate tolerance gene, facilitating the use of AgrEvo's broad-spectrum herbicide liberty.

　　We are committed to green gene technology, with which we aim to make crop breeding even more efficient and environmentally friendly. Before being brought on to the market these genetically modified plants are researched and tested for years until the questions posed regarding their safety have been answered. This is a great opportunity for us to realize our vision: the use of faster methods to breed varieties which will continue to provide us with sufficient food and raw materials in future. Our fossil reserves will soon be exhausted. Experts estimate that we only have enough oil for another 43 years and natural gas for less than 60.

　　This means we must rethink and act accordingly, using new crop varieties to step up the move to replenishable sources of raw materials and energy. In other words, green gene technology is the key technology for sustainable agriculture.

　　【參考譯文】

　　綠色基因技術(shù)

　　在過(guò)去一萬(wàn)年中，人類(lèi)改變了他們所利用的農(nóng)作物。起初是無(wú)意的，后來(lái)則是刻意的。

　　今天的作物是通過(guò)淘汰選擇和傳統(tǒng)育種的方法而得到的。將來(lái)，農(nóng)作物育種將可能會(huì)進(jìn)行更有針對(duì)性的改進(jìn)。

　　科學(xué)破譯了遺傳信息密碼。綠色基因技術(shù)是作物育種的一種有效工具，使我們能夠以更快速度開(kāi)發(fā)新的作物，更有針對(duì)性地改良作物性狀。這些新作物由此產(chǎn)效增高，成分優(yōu)化，能生產(chǎn)出有價(jià)值的物質(zhì)，滿(mǎn)足顧客和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)的期望和要求。這些作物的新陳代謝能個(gè)別修改，從而生產(chǎn)具有特殊性能的淀粉、蛋白質(zhì)和脂肪。通過(guò)基因轉(zhuǎn)移，增強(qiáng)植物抵抗病毒、細(xì)菌、有害真菌和害蟲(chóng)的能力。

　　轉(zhuǎn)基因改良的作物抗環(huán)境脅迫能力得以提高，所以能較好地從干燥的土壤中吸收水份，能更有效地利用土壤養(yǎng)份。我們還能優(yōu)化雜草控制。這樣，使作物能忍耐那些環(huán)保易降解除草劑。這個(gè)說(shuō)說(shuō)容易，做起來(lái)就不是那么回事了。盡管如此，我們已經(jīng)獲得了成功：早在1995年“革新者”牌就推向了加拿大市場(chǎng)。這就是第一代含油作物的變體品種，含有抗草銨膦基因，因此可以自由方便地使用農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)保公司生產(chǎn)的廣譜除草劑。

　　我們采用綠色基因技術(shù)，目的在于使作物育種更有效，更環(huán)保。這些轉(zhuǎn)基因作物投放到市場(chǎng)之前，我們對(duì)其安全性進(jìn)行了多年研究與試驗(yàn)，直到所有問(wèn)題都明朗化。這是一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)我們目標(biāo)的大好機(jī)遇。我們的目標(biāo)是：應(yīng)用更快捷的方法來(lái)培育品種，在將來(lái)不斷向我們提供足夠的食物和原料�；�石能源儲(chǔ)備不久將被耗盡。專(zhuān)家們估計(jì)，原油僅夠用43年，而天然氣則不到60年。

　　這意味著，我們必須對(duì)此重新思考，采取行動(dòng)，應(yīng)用新作物品種來(lái)促進(jìn)開(kāi)發(fā)可重復(fù)利用的原料和能源。換言之，綠色基因技術(shù)就是可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。