先來閱讀一下全文：
Britain's two main political parties are haggling over the nation's withdrawal from the European Union, but even with the departure on hold for the next few months, the badly divided government remains in crisis, unable to agree on an approach to the country's biggest peacetime decision in decades.
Prime Minister Theresa May paid for the struggles with her job, announcing on May 24 that she would resign after failing to come up with a plan that satisfied her party, her coalition partners and officials in Brussels. On July 23, the Conservative Party chose Boris Johnson to succeed her and take control of the Brexit process.
Three times this year, Parliament soundly rejected the plan that Mrs. May negotiated with the European Union for the departure, commonly known as Brexit, and the bloc twice agreed to postpone the exit date. Unable to win over enough members of her own Conservative Party, even when she offered to quit in exchange for their support on the third try, Mrs. May was forced to begin negotiating with the leader of the opposition Labour Party, Jeremy Corbyn. Those talks eventually collapsed.
The deadline is effectively Oct. 31, and all options remain on the table, including leaving without a deal - a situation that many fear will be economically damaging. At the other extreme, abandoning Brexit altogether is still a possibility, as are assorted approaches in between, varying in how closely Britain would remain tied to European trade rules. Mr. Johnson has promised that he can hammer out a new agreement by the October deadline, and that Britain will leave on that date without a deal if the negotiations fail.
Europe is Britain's most important export market and its biggest source of foreign investment, and membership in the bloc has helped London cement its position as a global financial center. An announcement, or at least a threat, from a major business to leave Britain because of Brexit is a regular occurrence. The list of companies that are thinking about relocating includes Airbus, which employs 14,000 people and supports more than 100,000 other jobs.
The government has projected that in 15 years, the country's economy will be anywhere from 4 percent to 9 percent smaller under Brexit than it would inside the bloc, depending on how it leaves.
Undoing 46 years of economic integration in one stroke was never going to be easy, and the Brexit process has been bedeviled by the same divisions that led to the referendum in the first place. Both Britain's main parties, the governing Conservatives and the Labour opposition, are divided over what to do, leaving Parliament so factionalized that there may be no coherent plan that would get a majority.
材料節(jié)選自《紐約時報》( The New York Times)“世界報道” 欄目專題文章，《紐約時報》的時政新聞特寫善于解讀當(dāng)下、洞察未來，是CATTI考試選材的重要來源。這篇文章的原文標(biāo)題為What is Brexit? A Simple Guide to Why It Matters and What Happens Next。Brexit指的是Britain exiting (British exit) from the EU，翻譯為：英國脫歐，即英國脫離歐洲聯(lián)盟計劃。這場在英國上演的大戲歷時數(shù)年，最終于2020年1月31日完結(jié)，英國宣布正式脫歐。
文章中出現(xiàn)了一些與時政相關(guān)的詞匯，我們來學(xué)習(xí)一下：
the European Union：歐盟
Prime Minister：首相
the Conservative Party：保守黨
Brexit：脫歐
Parliament：議會
the Labour Party：工黨
economic integration：經(jīng)濟一體化
referendum：公投
文章中出現(xiàn)了一些具有隱喻含義的詞匯，這些詞語在翻譯時要根據(jù)不同語境，選取不同譯法。
1…Mrs. May was forced to begin negotiating with the leader of the opposition Labour Party, Jeremy Corbyn. Those talks eventually collapsed.
這句話中出現(xiàn)了具有隱喻含義的詞匯“collapse”，它的隱喻含義為“if something, for example a system or institution collapses, it fails or comes to an end completely and suddenly”，因此用該詞來形容談判失敗，十分恰當(dāng)。在翻譯時，可以將“eventually”和“ collapsed”的意思合并，選取符合中文表達習(xí)慣的譯法，如：以失敗告終，或以慘敗收場。
參考譯文：……她迫不得已開始與反對黨工黨領(lǐng)袖杰里米·科爾賓談判，但均以失敗收場。
2Mr. Johnson has promised that he can hammer out a new agreement by the October deadline…
這句話中hammer out具有隱喻含義，它的意思為“if people hammer out an agreement or treaty, they succeed in producing it after a long or difficult discussion”，用于比喻達成協(xié)議的艱辛。另外，在翻譯時，要注意動賓搭配，賓語為“新協(xié)議”，因此可以譯為：打磨。
參考譯文：約翰遜首相已做出承諾，可以在10月最后期限前打磨出一項新協(xié)議……
最后，我們來學(xué)習(xí)一下文章中出現(xiàn)的重點句：
1The list of companies that are thinking about relocating includes Airbus, which employs 14,000 people and supports more than 100,000 other jobs.
這句話中含有兩個定語從句，分別是“that are thinking about relocating”以及“which employs 14,000 people and supports more than 100,000 other jobs”，分別修飾“companies”和“Airbus”。由于第一個定語從句較短，因此在翻譯時可以采用合并法，使用“……的”結(jié)構(gòu)，將定語從句置于被修飾詞之前，把英語復(fù)合句譯為漢語的簡單句。而第二個定語從句較長，若同樣采取前置譯法則不符合漢語的表達習(xí)慣，因此可以采取分譯法，將定語從句置于被修飾詞之后，把定語從句譯為并列的分句。
參考譯文：考慮搬遷的公司包括空中客車，該公司雇傭了14000名員工，并支持100000多個其他職位。
2Both Britain's main parties, the governing Conservatives and the Labour opposition, are divided over what to do, leaving Parliament so factionalized that there may be no coherent plan that would get a majority.
這句話的句式較為復(fù)雜，因此在翻譯之前要先斷句，理清句子的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系。“the governing Conservatives and the Labour opposition”是“Both Britain's main parties”的同位語，“l(fā)eaving…”引導(dǎo)伴隨狀語，“so…that…”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。在翻譯時，我們要根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系進行翻譯，把含有多個成分的英語長句，譯為漢語短句。
參考譯文：英國的主要政黨，執(zhí)政黨保守黨和反對黨工黨，在該做什么的問題上各執(zhí)一詞，議會嚴(yán)重派系化，難以達成一致方案并獲得大多數(shù)支持。
口譯： 翻譯資格考試二級口譯模擬題
筆譯： 翻譯資格考試二級筆譯模擬題
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