幸福天注定 Born to Be Happy: Discovering the “Happiness Gene”
Those with two sets of the gene—one from each parent—are almost twice as likely to say they are satisfied with life, compared to those who lack a copy.
從父母雙方各繼承一個“幸福基因”、從而擁有一對這種基因的人，可能比只擁有一個“幸�；颉钡娜艘腋Ｒ槐�。
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The gene, called 5-HTT, is 1)responsible for how well 2)nerve cells manage to 3)distribute 4)serotonin, a chemical produced by the 5)pineal gland in the brain which helps control mood.
這種名為“5-HTT”的基因能夠影響神經(jīng)細胞調(diào)配血清素的能力。血清素由腦部松果體分泌，是一種有助于控制情緒的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。
People with low levels of serotonin—itself nicknamed the “happiness drug”—are more likely to be depressed.
血清素又被稱為“快樂藥水”。血清素水平低的人更容易產(chǎn)生抑郁情緒。
Now, 6)behavioural economists at the London School of Economic and Political Science have found evidence that people with the “7)functional” 8)variant of the 5-HTT gene tend to lead happier lives.
現(xiàn)在，倫敦經(jīng)濟政治學(xué)院的行為經(jīng)濟學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)，證明具有5-HTT基因“功能性”變體的人更易過上幸福的生活。
Jan-Emmanuel De Neve and colleagues asked more than 2,500 people in the US about how satisfied they were with life, and also 9)analysed their DNA for presence of the gene.
揚-伊曼紐爾·德內(nèi)弗及其同事就人們對生活的滿意度訪問了二千五百多名美國人，并分析了他們的DNA以確定其5-HTT基因的攜帶情況。
The 5-HTT gene provides the “operating code” for transporting serotonin in 10)neuron cell walls.
5-HTT基因為血清素在神經(jīng)細胞壁內(nèi)的運輸提供“操作碼”。
The “l(fā)ong” version of the gene leads to more serotonin transporters in these walls, the “short” version less of them.
“長”的5-HTT基因能增加細胞壁內(nèi)的血清素運輸體數(shù)量，而“短”的5-HTT基因則相反。
As we 11)inherit a set of genes from both parents, the possible combinations of this are “l(fā)ong-long,” “l(fā)ong-short” or “short-short.”
我們從父母雙方各繼承一個基因，可能會產(chǎn)生“長-長”、“長-短”和“短-短”幾種基因組合。
The results showed that a much higher 12)proportion of those with the efficient (long-long) version of the gene were either very satisfied (35%) or satisfied (34%) with their life—compared to 19% in both categories for those with the less efficient (short-short) form.
結(jié)果顯示，擁有“高效基因組合”(即“長-長”組合)的人對生活感到非常滿意(占35%)或者滿意(占34%)的比例比擁有“低效基因組合”(即“短-短”組合)的人高得多——后者對生活感到非常滿意和滿意的各占19%。
The study is published in the Journal of Human Genetics.
該項研究發(fā)表于《人類基因?qū)W雜志》。
Mr. De Neve said: “It has long been suspected that this gene plays a role in mental health, but this is the first study to show that it is important in shaping our individual happiness levels.
德內(nèi)弗先生說：“長期以來，人們就一直認為該基因與心理健康有關(guān)。然而，這還是首個顯示其對個人幸福感的塑造起著重要作用的研究。
“The results of our study suggest a strong link between happiness and this functional variation in the 5-HTT gene.
“我們的研究結(jié)果顯示，幸福感與5-HTT基因的這種功能性變體密切相關(guān)。
“Of course, our 13)well-being isn’t determined by this one gene—other genes and especially experience throughout the course of life will continue to explain the majority of variation in individual happiness.
“當然，我們的福祉并非單單由這種基因決定;其他的基因——尤其是人生中的經(jīng)歷，也能夠解釋個人幸福感的絕大部分差異。
“But this finding helps to explain why we each have a unique 14)baseline level of happiness and why some people tend to be naturally happier than others, and that’s in no small part due to our individual genetic make-up.”
“但這個發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于解釋為何我們都有獨一無二的幸福感基準，以及為何有些人天生比其他人更快樂，這不少是取決于個人的基因組成�！�
資料來源考試網(wǎng)校老師主講教材精講班課程，完整講義下載進入個人中心>>
