世行上調(diào)2021年全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)預(yù)期至5.6%

　　6月8日，世界銀行發(fā)布最 新一期《全球經(jīng)濟(jì)展望》報(bào)告。

　　China's economic growth is expected to accelerate to 8.5 percent this year, faster than projected in January, supported by buoyant exports and release of pent-up demand amid effective control of the COVID-19 outbreak, the World Bank said in the report.

　　世界銀行在報(bào)告中指出，受活躍的出口貿(mào)易以及新冠疫情有效控制后被壓抑的需求得到釋放等因素支撐，今年中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速有望提升至8.5%，高于今年1月的預(yù)估。

　　【詞匯講解】

　　很多人看到project這個(gè)詞，第一反應(yīng)就是“項(xiàng)目、工程”，但是在經(jīng)濟(jì)展望的報(bào)道里，project通常用作動(dòng)詞，表示“to estimate for the future based on information already known”，即“(根據(jù)已知信息)預(yù)測(cè)、預(yù)估”，比如：Government spending is projected to rise by three percent next year(預(yù)計(jì)明年政府支出將增加3%)，其名詞形式就是projection，比如上文中的“faster than projected in January”也可以改寫(xiě)為“higher than the January projection”。

　　In addition to China, the strong rebounds from a few major economies, including the United States whose growth is projected at 6.8 percent, will propel the global economy to expand by 5.6 percent this year, the fastest post-recession pace in 80 years, according to the report.

　　報(bào)告指出，除中國(guó)以外，得益于美國(guó)等少數(shù)幾個(gè)主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體強(qiáng)勁反彈支撐，今年全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)預(yù)期為5.6%，將成為80年來(lái)全球在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退后的最快增速。美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)計(jì)將增長(zhǎng)6.8%。

　　Despite the recovery, global output will be about 2 percent below pre-pandemic projections by the end of this year, the report showed. Per capita income losses will not be unwound by 2022 for about two-thirds of emerging markets and developing economies.

　　報(bào)告表示，盡管出現(xiàn)復(fù)蘇，但到今年年底全球產(chǎn)出將比疫情前預(yù)測(cè)低2%左右。約三分之二新興市場(chǎng)和發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟(jì)體的人均收入損失在2022年之前將難以恢復(fù)。

　　【詞匯講解】

　　這里的unwound是動(dòng)詞unwind(讀作 /ʌnˈwɑɪnd/)的過(guò)去分詞形式，表示“to change or remove the effects of something”(改變或消除某事的影響)，比如：Financial markets believe that these imbalances can be unwound gradually, allowing the economy to land softly(金融市場(chǎng)認(rèn)為，這些失衡現(xiàn)象會(huì)逐步消除，讓經(jīng)濟(jì)得以軟著陸)。其實(shí)，unwind就是動(dòng)詞wind(讀作 /wɑɪnd/)的反義詞，wind表示“擰，轉(zhuǎn)”等意思，“給鐘表上發(fā)條”常用wind (up) a clock or watch表示，與之相反，wind down或unwind就可以表示“松開(kāi)發(fā)條，放松”，相當(dāng)于relax，比如：The facility was built as a place where workers could go and unwind after their shifts(這個(gè)地方就是讓工人們換班以后放松休息的地方)。

　　世行行長(zhǎng)馬爾帕斯表示，

　　While there are welcome signs of global recovery, the pandemic continues to inflict poverty and inequality on people in developing countries around the world.

　　雖然出現(xiàn)全球復(fù)蘇的可喜跡象，但疫情持續(xù)給世界各地發(fā)展中國(guó)家的人民帶來(lái)貧困和不平等。

　　First and foremost, expanding vaccine distribution and deployment, especially to developing countries, is a precondition to economic recovery.

　　首要任務(wù)是擴(kuò)大疫苗分配和供給，特別是對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家的供應(yīng)，這是經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的前提條件。

　　Globally coordinated efforts are essential to accelerate vaccine distribution and debt relief, particularly for low-income countries.

　　在加快疫苗分配和減債進(jìn)程中，全球范圍的協(xié)調(diào)工作至關(guān)重要，對(duì)低收入國(guó)家而言尤其如此。

　　As the health crisis eases, policymakers will need to address the pandemic's lasting effects and take steps to spur green, resilient, and inclusive growth while safeguarding macroeconomic stability.

　　隨著健康危機(jī)逐漸消退，政府決策者需要著手解決疫情的持久性影響，采取措施促進(jìn)綠色、有韌性和包容性的增長(zhǎng)，同時(shí)維護(hù)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定。

　　【相關(guān)詞匯】

　　全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理體系改革

　　reform the system of global economic governance

　　共商共建共享原則

　　the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits

　　區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化

　　regional economic integration

　　投資環(huán)境

　　investment environment

　　營(yíng)商環(huán)境

　　business environment

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