火星車 Mars rover

　　6月27日，國家航天局發(fā)布我國天問一號火星探測任務(wù)著陸和巡視探測系列實(shí)拍影像。

　　The clips recorded the Tianwen 1's landing rover deploying its parachute and descending to the Martian surface, and its Mars rover Zhurong driving away from its landing platform and moving over the surface of Mars.

　　視頻片段記錄了天問一號著陸巡視器開傘和下降過程、祝融號火星車駛離著陸平臺及火星表面移動過程。

　　【知識點(diǎn)】

　　2020年4月24日，國家航天局公布：中國行星探測任務(wù)(planetary exploration missions)被命名為“天問(Tianwen)系列”，首次火星探測任務(wù)(first Mars exploration mission)被命名為“天問一號”，后續(xù)行星任務(wù)依次編號�！疤靻枴眮碜灾袊鴤ゴ笤娙饲�原的長詩《天問》。“天問”這個(gè)名字表達(dá)了民族對于真理追求的堅(jiān)韌與執(zhí)著(the Chinese nation's perseverance in pursuing truth)，體現(xiàn)了對自然和宇宙空間探索的文化傳承(culture of exploring nature and the universe)。

　　The ambient sound during the process of Zhurong's rolling onto the Martian surface was also published, enabling people to hear the first sounds transmitted from the Chinese robot.

　　祝融號踏上火星表面全過程的現(xiàn)場聲音也同時(shí)發(fā)布，讓人們能夠聽到中國火星車首次傳回地球的聲音。

　　The images include the Martian landscape and the ruts left behind by the rover.

　　影像包括火星全局環(huán)境感知圖像、火星車車轍圖像等。

　　2021年4月24日，國家航天局正式公布我國首輛火星車命名為“祝融”，全稱“祝融號”。

　　Zhurong is the god of fire in ancient Chinese mythology. Literally, Zhu (meaning wish) expresses the good wishes for humankind's exploration of the universe. Rong (meaning integration and cooperation) reflects China's vision of the peaceful use of space and the building of a community with a shared future for humanity.

　　祝融是中國上古神話中的火神�！白！�，表達(dá)了對人類踏進(jìn)星辰大海的美好祝愿，“融”，體現(xiàn)融合、協(xié)作，表達(dá)中國人和平利用太空、增進(jìn)人類福祉的格局和愿景。

　　Fire brought warmth and brightness to the ancestors of humankind, and fire lit up human civilization. The naming is intended to represent the rover's symbolic task to ignite the hope of China's inter-planetary exploration, encourage humanity's relentless adventure into the immense universe, and urge mankind to keep pursuing self-transcendence

　　火的應(yīng)用促進(jìn)了人類文明的發(fā)展，驅(qū)散黑暗、帶來溫暖。將首輛火星車命名為祝融號，寓意點(diǎn)燃我國行星際探測的火種，指引人類對浩瀚星空、宇宙未知的接續(xù)探索和自我超越。

　　With an expected life span of three months, the 240-kilogram Zhurong is tasked with surveying Mars' landforms, geological structures, soil characteristics, potential locations of water and ice, and atmospheric and environmental characteristics, as well as magnetic and gravitational fields and other physical properties.

　　祝融號火星車重240公斤，設(shè)計(jì)壽命3個(gè)月，任務(wù)是研究火星形貌與地質(zhì)構(gòu)造特征、火星表面土壤特征與水冰分布、火星大氣電離層及表面氣候與環(huán)境特征、火星物理場與內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)等。

　　As of the morning of June 27, the orbiter of the Tianwen-1 mission has been operating around Mars for 338 days, and its Earth-Mars distance is approximately 360 million km. The Mars rover Zhurong has been working on Mars for 42 Martian days and has driven a total of 236 meters.

　　截至6月27日早晨，天問一號環(huán)繞器在軌運(yùn)行338天，地火距離3.6億千米，祝融號火星車已在火星表面工作42個(gè)火星日，累計(jì)行駛236米。

　　【知識點(diǎn)】

　　火星日(Martian day)平均為 24 小時(shí) 39 分 35.244 秒，或 1.027 地球日�；鹦枪�轉(zhuǎn)周期(the revolution period of Mars)為 1.88 地球年，687 地球日，或 668.6 火星日。

　　Zhurong will continue its movement, detection, and scientific exploration missions as planned.

　　后續(xù)，火星車將繼續(xù)按計(jì)劃開展移動、感知、科學(xué)探測。

　　The orbiter will continue to operate in a relay orbit, providing relay communication for the rover's scientific exploration while conducting its own scientific detection operations.

　　環(huán)繞器繼續(xù)運(yùn)行在中繼軌道，為火星車巡視探測提供中繼通信，并開展環(huán)繞探測。

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