Epilepsy

　　癲癇

　　Epilepsy is a chronic noncommunicable disease of the brain that affects around 50 million people worldwide. It is characterized by recurrent seizures, which are brief episodes of involuntary movement that may involve a part of the body (partial) or the entire body (generalized) and are sometimes accompanied by loss of consciousness and control of bowel or bladder function.

　　癲癇是一種腦部慢性非傳染性疾病，影響到全球大約5000萬人。該病的特點是反復(fù)發(fā)作。癲癇發(fā)作時，身體某一部位或整個身體短暫非自主性抽搐(即部分性發(fā)作或全身性發(fā)作)，有時伴有意識喪失和尿便失禁。

　　Seizure episodes are a result of excessive electrical discharges in a group of brain cells. Different parts of the brain can be the site of such discharges. Seizures can vary from the briefest lapses of attention or muscle jerks to severe and prolonged convulsions. Seizures can also vary in frequency, from less than 1 per year to several per day.

　　癲癇發(fā)作由一組腦細(xì)胞異常放電造成。大腦的不同部位都可能成為異常放電的位點。發(fā)作從極短暫的意識喪失或肌肉反射到嚴(yán)重且持續(xù)性抽搐不等。發(fā)作的頻率也可存在差異，從每年發(fā)作少于一次，到每天發(fā)作幾次不等。

　　One seizure does not signify epilepsy (up to 10% of people worldwide have one seizure during their lifetime). Epilepsy is defined as having two or more unprovoked seizures. Epilepsy is one of the world’s oldest recognized conditions, with written records dating back to 4000 BC. Fear, misunderstanding, discrimination and social stigma have surrounded epilepsy for centuries. This stigma continues in many countries today and can impact on the quality of life for people with the disease and their families.

　　一次發(fā)作并不意味著患有癲癇癥(世界上高達(dá)10%的人一生中會有一次發(fā)作)。癲癇是指兩次或兩次以上的無端發(fā)作。癲癇是世界上最早確認(rèn)的病癥之一，具有可以追溯到公元前4000年的文字記載。數(shù)世紀(jì)以來，人們對癲癇存有恐懼、誤解、歧視并視之為社會恥辱。今天在許多國家中該疾病惡名猶存，這影響到患者及其家庭的生活質(zhì)量。

　　點擊查看講義輔導(dǎo)資料及網(wǎng)校課程

　　口譯：翻譯資格考試三級口譯模擬題

　　筆譯：翻譯資格考試三級筆譯模擬題

　　資料來源考試網(wǎng)校老師主講教材精講班課程，完整講義下載進(jìn)入個人中心>>

　　　　下載焚題庫APP——翻譯資格考試——題庫——做題，包括章節(jié)練習(xí)、每日一練、模擬試卷、歷年真題、易錯題等，可隨時隨地刷題。【在線做題】>>】【下載APP掌上刷題】