2019年CATTI三級筆譯實務(wù)練習(xí)題：外交政策
漢譯英
中國獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策
美國外交政策的地緣政治時代已告結(jié)束，全球政治的時代已初露端倪。整個20世紀(jì)，傳統(tǒng)的地緣政治是美國外交事務(wù)的基點(diǎn)：美國的安全在于阻止任何其他國家在亞歐大陸上取得主導(dǎo)地位。這一目標(biāo)隨著蘇聯(lián)的解體而最終得以實現(xiàn)。如今，美國人發(fā)現(xiàn)，自己所處的國際新環(huán)境中雖然沒有可以與之匹敵的國家，但是卻存在著對美國安全的嚴(yán)重威脅。襲擊世貿(mào)中心和五角大樓的恐怖分子，既不是傳統(tǒng)的基于國家的威脅，也不能被鎖定在某個特定的地理區(qū)域。然而，19個人用了區(qū)區(qū)幾十萬美元，便成功地對這個世界上最強(qiáng)大的國家造成了傷害。
三個多世紀(jì)以來，世界政治動態(tài)始終取決于國家間、尤其是大國間的互動關(guān)系。，今天，主導(dǎo)世界政治格局的則是兩大前所未有、且彼此間保持著某種張力的現(xiàn)象。其一是美國不容置疑的主導(dǎo)作用。國際政治從來沒有像今天這樣，取決于華盛頓對任何問題的反應(yīng)。其二是全球化。全球化在經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治及社會領(lǐng)域所釋放出的力量，沒有任何一個國家——包括美國——能將之置于自己的控制之下。
美國的老大地位和全球化給美國帶來了巨大的利益，也帶來了重大的危險。老大地位給了華盛頓無可超越的能力，在國際事務(wù)中力所欲為;而全球化使美國經(jīng)濟(jì)更加強(qiáng)大，并使美國的價值觀得以傳播。然而美國的強(qiáng)大、文化產(chǎn)品的滲透，及對其它國家的深入影響招致了強(qiáng)烈的憎恨和不平。大國地位和巨大的財富并不一定能帶來更多的尊敬或更多的安全感。
美國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者和美國人民正在為如何使用全球政治時代這把雙刃劍而費(fèi)神。
參考譯文
Power and Cooperation: An American Foreign Policy for the Age of Global Politics
The age of geopolitics in American foreign policy is over; the age of global politics has begun. Throughout the twentieth century, traditional geopolitics drove U. S. thinking on foreign affairs: American security depended on preventing any one country from achieving dominion over the Eurasian landmass. That objective was achieved with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Now the United States finds itself confronting a new international environment, one without a peer competitor but that nonetheless presents serious threats to American security. The terrorists who struck the World Trade Center and the Pentagon neither represented a traditional state-based threat nor were tied to a specific geographical location. Nevertheless, nineteen people with just a few hundred thousand dollars succeeded in harming the most powerful nation on earth.
For more than three centuries, the dynamics of world politics was determined by the interplay among states, especially the great powers. Today, world politics is shaped by two unprecedented phenomena that are in some tension with each other. One is the sheer predominance of the United States. Today, as never before, what matters most in international politics is how — and whether - Washington acts on any given issue. The other is globalization, which has unleashed economic, political, and social forces that are beyond the capacity of any one country, including the United States, to control.
American primacy and globalization bring the United States great rewards as well as great dangers. Primacy gives Washington an unsurpassed ability to get its way in international affairs, while globalization enriches the American economy and spreads American values. But America's great power and the penetration of its culture, products, and influence deep into other societies breed intense resentment and grievances. Great power and great wealth do not necessarily produce greater respect or greater security. American leaders and the American people are now grappling with the double-edged sword that is the age of global politics.
英譯漢
Enhance China-Africa Unity and Cooperation to Build a Harmonious World
The Chinese are a peace-loving nation. We believe in cooperation and harmony among nations, and we hold that the strong and the rich should not bully the weak and the poor. Six hundred years ago, Zheng He, a famed Chinese navigator of the Ming Dynasty, headed a large convoy which sailed across the ocean and reached the east coast of Africa four times. They brought to the African people a message of peace and goodwill, not swords, guns, plunder or slavery. For more than one hundred years in China's modern history, the Chinese people were subjected to colonial aggression and oppression by foreign powers, and went through similar suffering and agony that the majority of African countries endured. From the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century, the Chinese people launched a heroic struggle to fight colonial aggression and foreign oppression, achieve independence and liberation and build a new China of the Chinese people. Having realized this century-long historic mission, the Chinese people today are working as one to make life better for themselves. Because of the sufferings they experienced and the struggle they launched, something they will never forget, the Chinese people are most strongly opposed to colonialism, oppression, and slavery of all manifestations. Because of this, the Chinese people have the most profound sympathy for all other nations in their pursuit of independence, happiness and their aspirations. Since the founding of New China in 1949, the Chinese Government and people have provided the African people with firm political, material and moral support in their heroic struggles for liberation and against colonial rule. China has never imposed its will or unequal practices on other countries, and will never do so in the future. It will certainly not do anything harmful to the interests of Africa and its people. China respects the political systems and paths to development independently adopted and pursued by the African people that suit their national conditions. China supports the African countries in strengthening democracy, the rule of law and good governance. And China supports them in fully tapping their potential and actively participating in international cooperation and competition.
參考譯文
加強(qiáng)中非團(tuán)結(jié)合作推動建設(shè)和諧世界
民族歷來愛好和平，主張強(qiáng)不凌弱、富不侮貧，主張協(xié)和萬邦。早在600年前，中國明代著名航海家鄭和率領(lǐng)龐大船隊4次到達(dá)非洲東海岸。他們給非洲人民帶來的是和平的愿望和真誠的友誼，而不是刀劍槍炮和掠奪奴役。在近代以后的100多年中，中國人民曾經(jīng)飽受列強(qiáng)的殖民侵略和壓迫，同絕大多數(shù)非洲國家有著相似的歷史遭遇和悲慘命運(yùn)。中國人民從19世紀(jì)中葉到20世紀(jì)中葉開展的英勇的斗爭，就是要反對殖民侵略和民族壓迫，實現(xiàn)民族的獨(dú)立和中國人民的解放，進(jìn)而建設(shè)人民當(dāng)家作主的新國家。今天，中國人民早已實現(xiàn)了自己的百年夙愿，正在為創(chuàng)造自己更加美好的生活而團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗。正因為有著這樣刻骨銘心的歷史經(jīng)歷和奮斗過程，所以中國人民最堅決地反對一切形式的殖民、壓迫、奴役活動，最真誠地同情一切為爭取民族獨(dú)立和人民幸福而奮斗的民族，最深切地理解這些民族的愿望和要求。新中國成立后，中國政府和人民為非洲人民爭取民族解放、反對殖民主義統(tǒng)治的英勇斗爭提供了政治上、物質(zhì)上、道義上的堅定支持。中國過去不會、現(xiàn)在不會、將來也決不會把自己的意志以及不平等的做法強(qiáng)加于其他國家，更不會做任何有損于非洲國家和人民的事。中國尊重非洲人民自主選擇適合自己國情的政治制度和發(fā)展道路，支持非洲國家加強(qiáng)民主法制建設(shè)和實施良好管理，支持非洲國家充分發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢、積極參與國際合作和競爭。
