2019年CATTI三級筆譯實務(wù)練習(xí)題：尊重知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，推動自主創(chuàng)新
漢譯英
尊重知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，推動自主創(chuàng)新
改革開放以來，中國經(jīng)濟飛速發(fā)展，對外貿(mào)易成績顯著1。中國經(jīng)濟和對外貿(mào)易發(fā)展的良好局面來之不易，這與我國政府尊重和重視知識產(chǎn)權(quán)是分不開的。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展、知識經(jīng)濟的興起和經(jīng)濟全球化進(jìn)程的加快，知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的重要性得到了歷史性提升。經(jīng)過二十多年的努力，中國知識產(chǎn)權(quán)事業(yè)全面發(fā)展，為鼓勵自主創(chuàng)新，增強自主研發(fā)能力，提高國際競爭力提供了堅實基礎(chǔ)和有力保障2。
當(dāng)今世界，知識產(chǎn)權(quán)制度的變革與發(fā)展已進(jìn)入一個空前活躍的階段，知識產(chǎn)權(quán)在世界經(jīng)濟、科技和貿(mào)易中的重要地位日益顯現(xiàn)，并成為促進(jìn)一個國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的至關(guān)重要的因素。
強化知識產(chǎn)權(quán)制度，已成為世界各國發(fā)展科技、經(jīng)濟和增強國力的必然選擇。3日本明確提出從科技立國到知識產(chǎn)權(quán)立國的基本國策;4美國將知識產(chǎn)權(quán)當(dāng)作國家基礎(chǔ)性的戰(zhàn)略資源，把強化知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)作為重要的競爭手段，把深化知識產(chǎn)權(quán)管理特別是對專利的管理作為指導(dǎo)科技創(chuàng)新、經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整以及產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級的重要手段。從國際大環(huán)境來看，知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)范圍正在不斷擴大，知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)水平正在進(jìn)一步提高，圍繞知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的競爭日益加劇5。知識產(chǎn)權(quán)已成為連接技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟和貿(mào)易的紐帶。
未來15年，是中國走新型工業(yè)化道路，實現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會奮斗目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵時期，也是我國實現(xiàn)貿(mào)易大國向貿(mào)易強國跨越的關(guān)鍵時期。6要實現(xiàn)外貿(mào)增長方式的根本轉(zhuǎn)變，提高對外貿(mào)易的質(zhì)量和效益，就必須重視自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)和自主品牌7的帶動作用，通過加強知識產(chǎn)權(quán)制度建設(shè)，提高企業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新能力和核心競爭力。沒有完善的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)體系，中國的自主創(chuàng)新的能力就不可能得到釋放，8這不僅關(guān)系中國的形象，更影響我們自身的發(fā)展，事關(guān)中國的利益。9本世紀(jì)前20年，是中國走新型工業(yè)化道路，全面建設(shè)小康社會，加速現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)進(jìn)程的戰(zhàn)略機遇期。我們要牢牢把握機遇，利用和保護(hù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，培育和推動企業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新能力建設(shè)，加快創(chuàng)造和培育中國高科技的自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)和自主品牌的步伐。我們要讓全世界知道，中國不是只有價廉物美的紡織品和輕工產(chǎn)品，還有更多體現(xiàn)民族聰明才智的自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品和自主品牌。
詞匯
1.知識產(chǎn)權(quán)intellectual property rights (IPR)
2.知識經(jīng)濟knowledge-based economy
3.自主創(chuàng)新independent innovation
4.國際競爭力international competitiveness
5.空前活躍unprecedentedly dynamic
6.基本國策basic state policy
7.優(yōu)化升級optimize and upgrade
8，小康社會well-off society
9.核心競爭力core competitiveness
10.輕工產(chǎn)品light industry product
11.高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品high-tech product
注釋
1.此句中的“中國經(jīng)濟飛速發(fā)展，對外貿(mào)易成績顯著”是兩個并列的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，既可以譯成由and引導(dǎo)的并列句，也可以將“對外貿(mào)易成績顯著”譯成with引導(dǎo)的伴隨狀語“with tremendous achievements in foreign trade”，表示前者是句子的主要意思，后者是前者的表現(xiàn)之一。
2.這里要注意動詞的選擇必須與名詞相匹配。漢語中動詞和名詞的搭配常常有異于英語。
如果直接將“提供”譯成provide，則與foundation搭配不是很理想。但如果采用lay a foundation的譯法，則動詞lay與guarantee搭配也不合適。因此，可以考慮用兩個動詞分別搭配對應(yīng)的名詞，譯成：to lay a solid foundation and constitute a strong guarantee。
3.此句的主語是動賓詞組“強化知識產(chǎn)權(quán)制度”，可以將之譯成不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，直接充當(dāng)主語：To strengthen IPR protection has become a natural choice for countries to develop science, technology and economy and enhance national strength.
4.此句中，“從科技立國到知識產(chǎn)權(quán)立國”實際上是說用“知識產(chǎn)權(quán)立國”取代“科技立國”，翻譯的時候要把“取代”的意思翻出來。
5.國際大環(huán)境：global context。圍繞：to center on。
6.此句中要體現(xiàn)“大國”和“強國”的區(qū)別，可將“強國”譯成power。
7.此處“自主”可譯為proprietary，意為自己所擁有的。
8.這里“得到”暗示著被動的意義，因此該句可以譯成被動句：China's independent innovation capability can never get released;也可以譯成由it充當(dāng)形式主語的句式，更為自然流暢：It will be impossible for China to release its independent innovation capability.此處的“自主”意為“獨立自主”，故而譯成independent，注意它與前面“自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)和自主品牌”中的“自主”在意義上的區(qū)別。
9.此句中，“我們自身的發(fā)展”也就是指“中國自身的發(fā)展”，翻譯時應(yīng)該與“中國的形象”、“中國的利益”這兩個短語保持人稱上的一致，而不必死扣原文。
參考譯文
Rejuvenating Trade through Science and Technology and IPR Protection
Since reform and opening up, China's economy has been developing rapidly with tremendous achievements in foreign trade. The upbeat situation of China's economy and foreign trade is hard won, and is inseparable from the respect and attention paid by the Chinese government to IPR protection. With the development of science and technology, the rise of knowledge-based economy, and the acceleration of economic globalization, the importance of intellectual property has been enhanced historically, Through efforts over the last two decades, intellectual property has gained overall development in China, thus laying a solid foundation and constituting a strong guarantee for encouraging independent innovation, strengthening independent research and development capacity, and boosting international competitiveness.
In today's world, the reform and development of IPR system has entered an unprecedentedly dynamic stage. Intellectual property has played an increasingly prominent role in world economy, science and technology and trade, as well as a vital factor behind a nation's economic growth. To strengthen their IPR protection system has become a natural choice for countries that wish to develop science, technology and economy and enhance national strength. Japan has explicitly put forward the basic state policy of "building the country through intellectual property", replacing the previous one of "building the country through science and technology". The U.S. takes intellectual property as a fundamental national strategic resource. It identifies IPR protection as an important tool in competition, and deepening IPR management, especially patent management, as a significant instrument to guide technological innovation, economic restructuring and optimization and upgrading of industrial technological structure. In this global context, the coverage of IPR protection is widening, the level of protection is becoming higher, and competition centering on IPR is getting ever fiercer. Intellectual property has become a bridge linking technology, economy and trade.
The coming 15 years is a crucial period for China to take a new approach to industrialization and realize the objective of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and also a crucial period for China to transform itself from a big trading country to a strong trading power. The fundamental transformation of the developmental mode of foreign trade and improvement of the quality and effect of foreign trade demand attention to the driving role of proprietary IPR and brands. Through a strengthened IPR system, the innovation capability and core competitiveness of enterprises will be enhanced. Without a sound IPR protection system, it will be impossible for China to release its independent innovation capability. That has a bearing not only on China's image but also on her development and her interests.
The first 2 decades of this century is a period of strategic opportunities for China to take a new approach to industrialization, build a well-off society in an all-round way and expedite the modernization drive. We must grip the opportunities, protect and utilize IPR, foster and promote capacity building among enterprises for independent innovation, and accelerate the creation and cultivation of China's proprietary IPR and brands in the high-tech sector. We will show the whole world that China not only makes textile and light industry products featuring low price and good quality , but also makes high-tech products and brands with proprietary IPR that speak for the talent and wisdom of the Chinese nation.
