2018年5月翻譯考試catti三級筆譯綜合能力試題
一、Vocabulary Selection(本大題20小題.每題1.0分，共20.0分。In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. )
第1題
Marketing is ______ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.
A rather than
B other than
C bigger than
D more than
第2題
The magician picked several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.
A by accident
B at random
C on occasion
第3題
English language publications in China are growing in volume and ______.
A circulation
B rotation
C circumstance
D appreciation
第4題
Dust storms most often occur in areas where the ground has little vegetation to protect of the wind.
A from the effects
B it the effects
C it from the effects
D the effects from it
第5題
On turning the comer, they saw the path ______ steeply.
A departing
B descending
C decreasing
第6題
Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are a
A scarcity
B minority
C minimum
第7題
With an eighty-hour week and little enjoyment, life must have been very for the students.
A hostile
B anxious
C tedious
D obscure
第8題
Container-grown plants can be planted at any time of the year, but ______ in winter.
A should be
B would be
C preferred
D preferably
第9題
Hydroponics ______ the cultivation of plants without soil.
A does
B is
C do
D are
第10題
In the eighteenth century, the town of Bennington, Vermont, was famous for pottery.
A it made
B its
C the making
D where its
第11題
To impose computer technology ______ teachers is to create an environment that is not conducive to learning.
A with
B to
C in
D on
第12題
Good pencil erasers are soft enough not ______ paper but hard enough so that they crumble gradually when used.
A by damaging
B so that they damage
C to damage
D damaging
第13題
Both longitude and latitude ______ in degrees, minutes and seconds.
A measuring
B measured
C are measured
D being measured
第14題
Our flight to Guangzhou was ______ by a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected.
A delayed
B adjourned
C cancelled
D preserved
第15題
______ of his childhood home in Hannibal, Missouri, provided Mark Twain with the inspiration for two of his most popular novels.
A Remembering
B Memories
C It was the memories
D He remembered
第16題
Most comets have two kinds of tails, one made up of dust, ______ made up of electrically charged particles called plasma.
A one another
B the other
C other ones
D each other
第17題
We have had to raise the prices of our products because of the increase in the cost of materials.
A primitive
B rough
C original
D raw
第18題
______ a language family is a group of languages with a common origin and similar vocabulary, grammar, and sound system.
A What linguists call
B It is called by linguists
C Linguists call it
D What do linguists call
第19題
______ get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.
A Children
B Children, when they
C As children
D For children to
第20題
Whenever the government increases public services, ______ because more workers are needed to carry out these services.
A employment to rise
B employment rises
C which rising employment
D the rise of employment
二、Vocabulary Replacement(本大題15小題.每題1.0分，共15.0分。This part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are four choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. You are to select the ONE choice that can replace the underlined word without causing any grammatical error or changing the principal meaning of the sentence. There is only one right answer. )
第1題
Public relations practice is the deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its public.
A complete
B related
C intentional
D active
第2題
The service economy doesn't suggest that we convert our factories into laundries to survive.
A imply
B persuade
C hurl
D transform
第3題
The ultimate cause of the Civil War was the bombardment of Fort Sumter.
A only
B final
C true
D special
第4題
Most species of this plant thrive in ordinary well-drained garden soil and they are best planted 8cm deep and 5cm apart.
A develop well
B grow taller
C mature
D bear fruit
第5題
Jim was a stout old gentleman, with a weather-beaten countenance.
A body
B skin
C shoulder
D passionate interest
第6題
The use of the new technology will have a profound effect on schools.
A negative
B positive
C strong
D useful
第7題
He has a touch of eccentricity in his composition.
A essay
B writing
C character
D manner
第8題
The most striking technological success in the 20th century is probably the computer revolution.
A profitable
B productive
C prominent
D prompt
第9題
Shellfish give the deceptive appearance of enjoying a peaceful existence, although in fact life is a constant struggle for them.
A misleading
B calm
C understandable
D initial
第10題
Motivation is the driving force within individuals that impels them to action.
A impedes
B interferes
C holds
D pushes
第11題
Scientific evidence from different disciplines demonstrates that in most humans the left hemisphere of the brain controls language.
A groups of followers
B years
C countries
D fields of study
第12題
If we look at the Chinese and British concepts of hospitality, we find one major similarity but a number of important differences.
A hostility
B friendliness
C manner
D culture
第13題
It was rather strange how the habits of his youth clung to him still. He was 72.
A stuck to
B turned
C led to
D gave way to
第14題
In just three years, the Net has gone from a playground for the local people to a vast communications and trading center where millions swap information or do deals around the world.
A business
B shopping
C chatting
D meeting
第15題
No hero of ancient or modem days can surpass the Indians with their lofty contempt of death and the fortitude with which they sustain its cruelest affliction.
A regard
B courage
C loss
D trick
三、Correcting Grammatical Errors(本大題14小題.每題1.0分，共14.0分。This part consists of 15 sentences in which there is an underlined part that indicates a grammatical error Below each sentence, there are four choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. You are to select the ONE choice and replace the underlined element(s) so that the error is erased and corrected. There is only one right answer. )
第1題
The first recorded use of natural gas to light street lamps it was in the town of Frederick, New York, in 1825.
A was
B is
C it is
D were
第2題
Furniture makers use glue to hold joints together and sometimes to reinforce it.
A its
B fast
C hard
D them
第3題
All living creatures pass on inherited traits from one generation to other.
A the other
B another
C others
D other one
第4題
Unlike competitive running, race walkers must always keep some portion of their feet in contact with the ground.
A run
B runner
C runners
D running race
第5題
The eastern bluebird is considered the most attractive bird native of North America by many bird-watchers.
A native
B native with
C native by
D native to
第6題
Machines that use hydraulic pressure including elevators, dentist chairs, and automobile brakes.
A exclude
B excluding
C include
D are included
第7題
All root vegetables grow underground, and not all vegetables that grow underground are roots.
A but
B or
C as
D thus
第8題
All mammals have hair, but not always evident.
A but it is not
B but it is
C but they are not
D but they are
第9題
A promising note is a written agreement to pay a certain sum of money at some time future.
A time futures
B futures
C futures time
D future time
第10題
Not much people realize that apples have been cultivated for over 3,000 years.
A Not many
B Not enough
C Without many
D No many
第11題
Although the social sciences different a great deal from one another, they share a common interest in human relationship.
A move
B differ
C change
D varies
第12題
The hard, out surface of the tooth is called enamel.
A outside
B appearance
C outer
D hiding
第13題
The earliest form of artificial lighting was fire, which also provided warm and protection.
A hot
B sunshine
C warmth
D safe
第14題
New York City surpassed the other Atlantic seaports in partly because it developed the best transportation links with the interior of the country.
A part
B partial
C partner
D parting
四、Reading Comprehension(共50小題,共50.0分)In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with four (A, B, C and D) suggested answers or ways of finishing. You must choose the one which you think fits best.
第1題
|
Phyllis Wheatley is regarded as America's first black poet. She was born in Senegal, Africa, about 1753 and brought to America aboard a slave ship at about the age of seven. John and Susannah Wheatley bought her for three pounds at a slave auction in Boston in 1761 to be a personal servant of Mrs. Wheatley. The family had three other slaves, and all were treated with respect. Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family, which included being raised and educated with the Wheatley's twin 15-year-old children, Mary and Nathaniel. At that time, most females, even from better families, could not read and write, but Mary was probably one of the best educated young women in Boston. Mary wanted to become a teacher, and in fact, it was Mary who decided to take charge of Phyllis's education. Phyllis soon displayed her remarkable talents. At the age of twelve she was reading the Greek and Latin classics and passages from the Bible. And eventually, Mrs. Wheatley decided Phyllis should become a Christian. |
What does the passage mainly discuss?
A Slavery and the treatment of the black people in America.
B The Wheatley family, including their slaves.
C The life of America's first black poet.
第2題
The underlined word "respect" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A consideration
B disregard
C punishment
第3題
According to the passage, how many slaves did the Wheatley's have?
A One.
B Two.
C Three.
D Four.
第4題
According to the passage, an unusual feature of Mary was that she
A was not much older than Phyllis
B wanted to become a teacher
C was comparatively well educated
D decided to take charge of Phyllis's education
第5題
The underlined word "eventually" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A ultimately
B slowly
C reluctantly
D gradually
第6題
Which of the following is NOT true about Phyllis in the early 1770s?
A She wrote her first poem when in her teens.
B She married in 1771.
C She became a teacher.
D She was able to get her poems published.
第7題
The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A publishers
B poems
C children
D black people
第8題
It can be inferred that Phyllis's trip to England with Nathaniel in 1773 ______.
A did not improve her health
B was for business reasons
C led to books of her poems being available in America
D led to the publication of her poems because the English were more interested in religious and moral subjects
第9題
The word "extolling" is closest in meaning to ______.
A welcoming
B stating
C bemoaning
D praising
第10題
Which of the following conclusions about Phyllis is supported by the passage?
A She would have been more recognized as a poet if she had not been black.
B She would have written poetry if she had stayed in Africa.
C She went unrecognized as a poet during her lifetime.
D She only wrote religious poetry.
第11題
|
About fifty years ago, plant physiologists set out to grow roots by themselves in solutions in laboratory flasks. The scientists found that the nutrition of isolated roots was quite simple. They required sugar and the usual minerals and vitamins. However, they did not require organic nitrogen compounds. These roots got along fine on mineral inorganic nitrogen. Roots are capable of making their own proteins and other organic compounds. These activities by roots require energy, of course. The process of respiration uses sugar to make the high energy compound ATP, which drives the biochemical reactions. Respiration also requires oxygen. Highly active roots require a good deal of oxygen. |
What is the main topic of the passage?
A The relationship between a plant's roots and its shoots.
B What can be learned by growing roots in isolation.
C How plants can be grown without roots.
D What elements are necessary for the growth of plants.
第12題
The underlined word "themselves" in Paragraph 1 refers to ______.
A plant physiologists
B solutions
C laboratory flasks
D roots
第13題
The scientists found what the isolated roots need is ______.
A quite natural
B sugar, minerals and vitamins
C some rare vitamins
D organic nitrogen compounds
第14題
Roots have the ability to ______.
A make proteins
B obtain fresh air
C produce inorganic nitrogen
D carry out activities without energy
第15題
According to the passage, what is ATP?
A A biochemical process.
B The tip of a root.
C A chemical compound.
D A type of plant cell.
第16題
The underlined word "intact" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A mature
B wild
C whole
D tiny
第17題
The use of the phrase "comes in handy" underlined in Paragraph 2 indicates that the process is ______.
A unavoidable
B predictable
C necessary
D successful
第18題
It can be inferred from the passage that, in the early spring, the buds of plants ______.
A "export" protein in the form of amino acids
B do not require water
C have begun photosynthesizing
D obtain organic compounds from the root
第19題
Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
A The results of two experiments are compared.
B A generalization is made, and several examples of it are given.
C The findings of an experiment are explained.
D A hypothesis is presented, and several means of proving it are suggested.
第20題
Where is this passage likely to be found?
A A newsletter.
B A magazine.
C A storybook.
D A novel.
第21題
|
Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound; an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost. Since the early twentieth century, success in reproducing these substances has created a new industry that today produces hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances. |
From the passage we can learn that ______.
A natural flavorings and fragrances are not quite dear
B the limitation of natural flavorings and fragrances is clear
C the supply of natural flavorings and fragrances is adequate to meet the demand
D the cost of producing natural flavorings and fragrances is high
第22題
Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A Natural rose fragrance is 100 times more expensive to produce than artificial rose fragrance.
B The most important ingredient in a rose fragrance is obtained from natural rose oil at a low cost.
C A different synthetic substance can be made for 1% of the cost.
D Natural rose oil costs the same as its fragrances.
第23題
The industry of producing hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances probably appeared in ______.
A 2000
B 1953
C 1909
D 1810
第24題
According to the passage, all the following are easier to synthesize EXCEPT ______.
A aromatic ingredient in vanilla
B vanilla
C aromatic ingredient in wild cherry
D the flavor of fresh coffee
第25題
The underlined word "duplicated" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A make double
B make a copy of
C produce something equal to
D take from
第26題
Why does the author mention fresh coffee in Paragraph 2?
A As an example of complex substances having not been duplicated satisfactorily.
B Because the coffee fragrance is hard to produce.
C To conclude the passage.
D The smell of fresh coffee is inviting.
第27題
______, a substance can be synthesized.
A Upon identifying the basic components of it
B Once chemically analyzed
C When gas chromatography is used
D If spectroscopy is adopted
第28題
It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A vanillin is easier to synthesize than benzaldehyde
B not all synthetic flavors are harmless
C in general, the less components there are in a fragrance, the harder it is to synthesize
D synthesized substances must be tested for safety only if they are used in food
第29題
Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A How to Synthesize Fragrances
B Synthetic Substances Are Easy to Make
C Natural Flavorings and Fragrances
D Synthetic Flavors and Fragrances
第30題
Which of the following is NOT true according to the last paragraph?
A Synthetic fragrances can be used to make a used car smell like a new one.
B Synthetic flavors and fragrances have added to the varieties of products.
C Lemon soap is made out of some delicious lemon.
D It is likely that a bottle of orange juice is synthesized.
第31題
|
Some people associate migration mainly with birds. Birds do travel vast distances, but mammals also migrate. An example is the caribou, reindeer that graze on the grassy slopes of northern Canada. When the weather turns cold, they travel south until spring. Their tracks are so well-worn that they are clearly visible from the air. Another migrating mammal is the Alaska fur seal. These seals breed only in the Pribilot Islands in the Bering Sea. The young are born in June and by September are strong enough to go with their mothers on a journey of over 3,000 miles. Together they swim down the Pacific Coast of North America. The females and young travel as far as southern California. The males do not journey so far. They swim only to the Gulf of Alaska. In the spring, males and females all return to the islands, and there the cycle begins again. Whales are among the greatest migrators of all. The humpback and blue whales migrate thousands of miles each year from the polar seas to the tropics. Whales eat huge quantities of plankton. These are most abundant in cold polar waters. In winter, the whales move to warm waters to breed and give birth to their young. |
From the passage we can learn that ______.
A people migrate like animals
B only birds migrate
C the female fur seals migrate only to the Gulf of Alaska
D not all mammals migrate
第32題
The phrase "An example" underlined in Paragraph 1 refers to an example of a ______.
A migratory mammal
B place where animals migrate
C migrating bird
D person who associates migration with birds
第33題
All the mammals are mentioned as migrating ones EXCEPT ______.
A caribou
B fin whale
C reindeer
D Alaska fur seal
第34題
Where can you see from the air the migration of the mammals?
A In the Pribilot Islands.
B In the Bering Sea.
C In southern California.
D In northern Canada.
第35題
Which of the following is NOT true?
A Whales breed in winter.
B Young whales are given birth in cold waters.
C Alaska fur seals give birth to the young only in one area.
D Alaska fur seals are born in warm weather.
第36題
Together ______ of Alaska fur seals swim down the Pacific Coast of North America.
A mothers and the young
B fathers and the young
C parents and the young
D seals and whales
第37題
Which of the following is NOT described in the passage?
A Whales migrate to breed and give birth to their young.
B Whale-watching in Boston in summer is attracting.
C Seals breed in the north before migration.
D Reindeer feed on grass.
第38題
Whales live on ______.
A tiny plants and animals in the sea
B the grassy slopes of northern Canada
C their young in cold winter
D the abundant seafood in tropic waters
第39題
How many kinds of migrating mammals are mentioned in the passage?
A Four.
B Three.
C Two.
D One.
第40題
What is the best title of the passage?
A Three Types of Whales
B Birds Migration
C Mammals Also Migrate
D Several Kinds of Migration
第41題
|
Electronic mail has become an extremely important and popular means of communication. |
According to the passage, efficiency of e-mail is threatened by ______.
A heavy e-mail traffic
B fraudulent e-mail messages
C large volume of messages
D increasing amount of unwanted e-mail
第42題
Which of the following is NOT true about unwanted e-mail?
A It costs money to receive them.
B It's free to store them.
C It takes time to access them.
D It takes time to throw them away.
第43題
Unwanted e-mail may ______.
A cause companies to fail in business
B cause wanted e-mail messages to lose
C damage the credit of a company
D do good to a small company
第44題
"Pornographic" in Paragraph 3 probably means ______.
A decent
B instructional
C sexual
D commercial
第45題
What does unwanted e-mail messages do to the providers of the Internet services?
A Raising their cost.
B Raising the Internet speed.
C Improving their business.
D Attracting investment.
第46題
"Disguise" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
A reveal
B hide
C deliver
D post
第47題
The word "induce" in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______.
A cheat
B introduce
C provide
D harm
第48題
"Opt-out" mechanism is probably ______.
A a machine that can be attached to your computer
B a button that you can make a choice to read or not to read
C a software that you can play a computer game
D an e-mail that says some good words to you
第49題
It can be inferred from Paragraph 6 that bulk unsolicited commercial e-mail will probably spread ______.
A harmful virus
B unpleasant news
C advertisements
D adult jokes
第50題
The unwanted e-mail problem can be solved if ______.
A the government takes action
B a new technology is adopted
C more people are aware of the problem
D joint efforts are made and new technology is used
none、五(共Cloze小題,20共分)20.0
第1題
Insurance is the sharing of (1) . Nearly everyone is exposed (2) risk of some sort. The house owner, for example, knows that his (3) can be damaged by fire; the ship owner knows that his vessel may be lost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he may die by (4) and (5) his family in poverty. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire or every vessel lost at sea. If these persons each put a (6) stun of money into a pool, there will be enough to (7) the needs of the few who do suffer (8) . In other words the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the (9) . This is the basis of (10) . Those who pay the contributions are known as (11) and those who administer the pool of the contributions as insurer.
The (12) for an insurance naturally depends on how the risk is to happen as suggested (13) past experience. If the companies fix their premiums too (14) , there will be more competition in their branch of insurance and they may lose (15) . On the other hand, if they make the premiums too low, they will not have (16) and may even have to drop out (17) business. So the ordinary forces of supply and (18) keep premiums at a proper (19) to both insurers and those who (20) insurance.
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 習(xí)語辨析。
A.rather than勝于;B.other than不同于，除了;C.bigger than大于;D.more than多過……，不止……，……以上;如：The consequence was much more than he imagined.結(jié)果遠(yuǎn)超過他的想象。本句意為：營銷不僅僅是將貨物從生產(chǎn)者向最終客戶的分配。因此選D。
D on average
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 習(xí)語辨析。
A.by accident偶然;B.at random隨便地，任意地，胡亂地;C.on occasion有時;D.on average平均起來;因此B為答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義辨析。
A.circulation流通，傳播;B.rotation旋轉(zhuǎn);C.circumstance條件，細(xì)節(jié);
D.appreciation欣賞，正確評價(jià)，增值;此句意為：在中國，英語出版物在產(chǎn)量與銷量(發(fā)行量/傳遞/流通)上日益增加。因此應(yīng)選A。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 固定搭配。
protect sth.from/against...保護(hù);如：He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.他戴著太陽鏡以擋強(qiáng)烈的陽光。因此選項(xiàng)C是答案。
D degenerating
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 形近識別。
A.departing出發(fā)，背離;B.descending下降;如：The path descends sharply.
這條小徑向下急降(下斜坡度很陡)。C.decreasing減少，漸減;D.degenerating退化;因此選項(xiàng)B是答案。
D shortage
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義辨析。
A.scarcity缺乏，不足，罕見：B.minority少數(shù)，少數(shù)民族;C.minimum最小值：D.shortage不足，缺乏;因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義辨析。
A.hostile敵對的，敵意的;B.anxious擔(dān)憂的，渴望的;C.tedious單調(diào)乏味的，沉悶的;D.obscure朦朧的，模糊的，晦澀的;此處指：……，學(xué)生的生活一定是單調(diào)乏味的。因此答案為C。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義辨析。
should be/would be應(yīng)是;preferred首選的(adj.);preferably更適宜，最好是 (adv.);因此應(yīng)填D。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語法應(yīng)用。
Hydroponics(水耕法，水栽培)雖帶有詞尾-s，但表示單一概念，應(yīng)看作是單數(shù)名詞，故謂語動詞要用單數(shù);本句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，用be動詞，所以選B。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語法應(yīng)用。
本句意為：在十八世紀(jì)，本寧頓城和佛蒙特城以其制陶業(yè)而聞名;因此應(yīng)填代詞的所有格。如：The small town is famous for its fine park.這座小城以漂亮的公園著稱。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 固定搭配。
impose+名詞+on/upon(對……)課稅，使負(fù)擔(dān);把(想法等)強(qiáng)加(于某人)，強(qiáng)迫(某人)接受;如：He always tries to impose his opinion on others.他總是想強(qiáng)迫別人接受他的意見。因此選D。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語法應(yīng)用。
“enough+不定式”(足夠……能)結(jié)構(gòu)常置于形容詞后作狀語，表示結(jié)果：本句是這一結(jié)構(gòu)的否定式;所以C是答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語法應(yīng)用。
所填之處前面是主語，后面是狀語，此處應(yīng)是謂語;根據(jù)句意，此處又應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，所以C為答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 近義辨析。
A.delayed耽擱，延誤，推遲(指由于某種原因推遲，稍后還將繼續(xù)，但不表明延期的具體時間);如：The accident delayed the train.火車因事故晚點(diǎn)。 B.adjourned使中止，推遲(一般指會議休會，則其在繼續(xù)開);如：The hearing will be adjourned until tomorrow morning.聽證會推遲到明天上午舉行。C.cancelled取消;D.preserved保存，保藏。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語法應(yīng)用。
此處考強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who;意為：是對童年家鄉(xiāng)(漢尼拔和密蘇里)的回憶使得馬克•吐溫產(chǎn)生了靈感，寫出了他最著名的兩部小說。因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 形近識別。
one another互相(原則上，兩個人/兩個時用each other，三個人/三個以上則用one another);如：They looked at one another.他們彼此看著對方;each other相互;如：They respect each other.他們互相尊重;the other(在兩個之中的)另一方(表示兩者之中剩下的那一個);因此應(yīng)填B。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 近義辨析。
A.primitive原始的，粗糙的，簡單的;B.rough粗糙的，粗略的，大致的，
C.original最初的，原始的，獨(dú)創(chuàng)的;D.raw未加工的，生的，處于自然狀態(tài)的;此處是指原材料，因此答案為D。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語法應(yīng)用。
本句是用名詞性從句What do linguists call a language family作主語;意思是語言學(xué)家將一組有著共同起源，類似詞匯、語法及音系的語言稱為語系。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語法應(yīng)用。
本句逗號前是狀語從句，空白處應(yīng)填連詞;主句主語是the games，因此選項(xiàng)A、B、D均不對;只有as“隨著”符合句意，所以C為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語法應(yīng)用。
逗號前是一個讓步狀語從句，because又引導(dǎo)一個原因狀語從句，因此所填之處應(yīng)為一個完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu);B為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 形容詞辨析。
deliberate深思熟慮的，故意的;A.complete全部的，完成的;B.related敘述的，相關(guān)的;C.intentional有意圖的，故意的;D.active積極的，主動的：因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 動詞辨析。
convert.使轉(zhuǎn)變/轉(zhuǎn)換，使……改變信仰;A.imply暗示，意味;B.persuade說服，勸說，(使)相信;C.hurl用力投擲，憤慨地說出;D.transform轉(zhuǎn)換，改變，改造：因此選項(xiàng)D為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 形容詞辨析。
ultimate 最后的，最終的，根本的;A.only唯一的，單獨(dú)的，最好的;B.final最后的，最終的，決定性的;C.true真實(shí)的，真正的，正確的，忠實(shí)的; D.special特別的，特殊的，專門的;因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 動詞辨析。
thrive興旺，繁榮，茁壯成長：A.develop well生長，發(fā)展，發(fā)育得好; B.grow taller漸漸長高; C.mature成熟，到期：D.bear fruit結(jié)出果實(shí)，奏效：因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 名詞辨析。
countenance 面容，臉色，支持;A.body身體，肉體，團(tuán)體;B.skin皮膚，外皮：C.shoulder肩，肩部;D.passionate interest強(qiáng)烈的興趣;因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 形容詞辨析。
profound深刻的，意義深遠(yuǎn)的，淵博的，A.negative否定的，消極的，負(fù)的; B.positive肯定的，積極的，確實(shí)的;C.strong強(qiáng)大的，強(qiáng)烈的：D.useful有用的，有益的：因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 名詞辨析。
composition 作文，成分，氣質(zhì)，脾性;A.essay散文，小品文，隨筆，評論; B.writing筆記，作品，著述;C.character性格，特征，特性，D.manner禮貌，風(fēng)格，樣式;本句話意為：他的性格有些古怪。因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 形容詞辨析。
striking顯著的，驚人的，A.profitable有利可圖的;B.productive生產(chǎn)性的，多產(chǎn)的;C.prominent卓越的，顯著的;D.prompt敏捷的，及時的;因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 形容詞辨析。
deceptive欺騙性的;A.misleading令人誤解的，騙人的，引入歧途的;B.calm平靜的，沉著的;C.understandable可以理解的，可懂的;D.initial最初的，詞首的，初始的：因此選項(xiàng)A是答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 動詞辨析。
impels推動，推進(jìn)，激勵，趨勢;A.impedes阻止;B.interferes干涉，妨礙，抵觸;C.holds保存，把握;D.pushes推動，推行，逼迫;因此選項(xiàng) D為答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 名詞辨析。
disciplines紀(jì)律，學(xué)科;A.groups of followers追隨者團(tuán)體：B.years年齡，年代：C.countries國家;D.fields of study研究領(lǐng)域;因此選項(xiàng)D為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 名詞辨析。
hospitality好客，宜人，盛情;A.hostility敵意，不友善，敵對：B.friendliness友誼，友善，親切;C.manner禮貌，風(fēng)格，方式;D.culture文化，文明，因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 動詞詞組辨析。
clung to (cling to)粘緊，依附，堅(jiān)持(意見)，墨守(習(xí)慣);A.stuck to(stick to)粘住，堅(jiān)持;B.turned轉(zhuǎn)動，扭轉(zhuǎn);C.led to(lead to)通向，導(dǎo)致;D.gave way to(give way to)撤退，讓步，退讓;因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 名詞辨析。
deals交易，買賣，A.business商業(yè)，買賣，交易，生意，商行，B.shopping買東西，購物;C.chatting聊天;D.meeting會議，機(jī)會，會戰(zhàn);因此選項(xiàng) A為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 名詞辨析。
fortitude堅(jiān)韌，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的勇氣，剛毅;A.regard關(guān)心，問候，尊重;B.courage勇氣，精神，膽量;C.loss損失，遺失，失敗;D.trick詭計(jì)，騙局，惡作劇，竅門;因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
劃線部分應(yīng)填be動詞(the first recorded use of natural gas是主語，to light street lamps是狀語);又因發(fā)生在過去，用過去時;所以選項(xiàng)A是答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 代詞應(yīng)用。
所填之詞應(yīng)指代前面提到的joints，是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以應(yīng)用代詞them來代替。因此選項(xiàng)D為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 代詞搭配。
根據(jù)句意：所有的生物都是一代一代地向下傳遞其遺傳特性。another另一個，泛指同類事物中的另一個;本句是指從一代向另一代傳遞，因此from one to another是正確選項(xiàng)。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 名詞應(yīng)用。
本句意為：跟賽跑者不一樣，競走者必須始終使腳的某一部分接觸地面。
在此相比較的是賽跑者與競走者，因此答案應(yīng)在B、C中選擇，又因主語 race walkers是復(fù)數(shù)，所以選項(xiàng)C是答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 習(xí)慣搭配。
native表示“(某地)固有的，原產(chǎn)的;(動植物)特有的”之意時，后面一般加to+名詞，如：animals native to Africa非洲原產(chǎn)的動物;因此選項(xiàng)D是答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
劃線部分應(yīng)填本句的謂語動詞(machines是主語，that use hydraulic pressure是定語);根據(jù)句意，謂語動詞應(yīng)表“包括”之意，且在此不表被動，因此選項(xiàng)C是答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
根據(jù)句意，前后兩句應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此連接詞應(yīng)是表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but，而不能用表示并列關(guān)系的and;因此選項(xiàng)A是答案。or表示“或”;as“當(dāng)……之時，隨著”;thus“因此，這樣”。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
此句意為：所有的哺乳動物都有毛發(fā)，但并不明顯。but引導(dǎo)的句子主語應(yīng)是指代前面所提的整件事，而不是前句主語all mammals;因此主語應(yīng)用it;如用選項(xiàng)B，本句就不能用but連接了;因此只有選項(xiàng)A是答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
此處要注意詞序：時間狀語是at…time，如：at this (that) time在這(那)時; future在此是形容詞“未來的，將來的”，作time的定語;因此選項(xiàng)D是答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 習(xí)慣搭配。
根據(jù)句意：知道蘋果已種植了3，000多年的人不多。people是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，用 not much形容不對;而not many意為“不多”;如：Not many high school students can study abroad.高中生能去留學(xué)的不多。因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 習(xí)慣搭配。
根據(jù)句意：盡管各門社會科學(xué)之間有很大的差異，它們卻都對人際關(guān)系有著共同的興趣。其中表示：……與……不同，應(yīng)用動詞詞組differ…from;而vary from指“不規(guī)則地改變成斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地改變，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的多樣性”，有時也指事物在不同地點(diǎn)、時間、條件下的變化或差異，如：The weather varies from hour to hour in some mountain districts.在某些山區(qū)，天氣時刻變化。所以只有選項(xiàng)B是答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 形容詞應(yīng)用。
outside和outer均有“外部的”意思。但outside一般指物體的外表或表面;而outer指一種相對性，即相對于內(nèi)部而言的外部或外表;appearance外貌，外觀;hiding隱匿;在此指牙齒的外表面，是相對于內(nèi)部而言的，因此選項(xiàng) C為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 名詞應(yīng)用。
此句意為：人工照明的最早方式就是火，而且火還能提供溫暖和保護(hù)。所填之處應(yīng)是一個名詞，因此應(yīng)為選項(xiàng)C。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。
本句意為：紐約市在有些方面勝過其他大西洋沿岸的港口城市，因?yàn)樗c其他內(nèi)陸城市發(fā)展起了最好的交通聯(lián)系。在此要表達(dá)“部分地，在有些方面”，應(yīng)用partly或in part(介詞in后不能用副詞partly，應(yīng)當(dāng)用名詞part);而partial部分的，局部的，偏袒的;partner合伙人，股東;parting分別，分歧出;因此選項(xiàng)A是答案。
D The achievements of Phyllis Wheatley.
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 主旨題型。
本文首先談及她是美國第一個黑人詩人，后描寫了她出生在非洲，被販賣黑奴的船只帶到美國，被John and Susannah Wheatley買去，與其他黑奴一樣在這家受到尊重;跟從John and Susannah Wheatley的女兒Mary受教育……;十三歲寫出她的第一首詩……;后結(jié)婚生子，最終三十歲時窮困而死，因此選項(xiàng)C是答案。
D behavior
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義題型。
從第一段可以看出她雖被賣為奴隸，卻受到良好的對待，甚至不久就被當(dāng)作是家庭的一員(Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family)，因此respect在此應(yīng)為consideration體貼，照顧：選項(xiàng)A正確。其余幾個選項(xiàng)全是反義。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見第一段第四句：The family had three other slaves，……她也是被買為奴隸的，……因此這家有4個奴隸;選項(xiàng)D為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
盡管選項(xiàng)B、C、D都與文章內(nèi)容相符，但本題問的是Mary本身擁有的與眾不同的特點(diǎn)，所以選項(xiàng)C為答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義題型。
eventually最后，終于;文章提到Mrs.Wheatley一家將她買為奴隸，卻撫養(yǎng)教育她，最終Mrs.Wheatley決定讓她成為一個基督徒。選項(xiàng)B.緩慢地： C.不情愿地;D.逐漸地;均不符合題意;因此只有選項(xiàng)A是答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
選項(xiàng)A在第二段第一句中提及;選項(xiàng)C在第二段倒數(shù)第二句中提及;選項(xiàng) D在第三段第三句中提及：只有選項(xiàng)B是錯誤的：因此B為答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
此句意為：Mary試圖使出版商對Phyllis的詩感興趣，但一旦他們聽說Phyllis是個黑人時，就興趣索然。因此此處的they指的應(yīng)是選項(xiàng)A。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 推斷題型。
由第三段第二句(It was thought that a sea voyage might improve her health.)可知這只是人們的希望，并不見得能實(shí)現(xiàn);因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義題型。
根據(jù)上下文，她寫詩“extolling”華盛頓的成就并將詩送給他。因此，extolling應(yīng)為“贊美”之意，選項(xiàng)D正確。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 主旨題型。
根據(jù)全文得知：她才華橫溢，十二歲時即能看希臘、羅馬名著和圣經(jīng)，十三歲時寫出第一首詩……，但當(dāng)出版商們得知她是黑人就對她不感興趣了……。因此我們可總結(jié)出：如果她不是黑人，她會得到更多的認(rèn)可。選項(xiàng)A正確。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 主旨題型。
見本文主旨句，第二段第一句：The study of isolated roots has provided an understanding of the relationship between shoots and roots in intact plants.(第一段談的是the study of isolated roots;第二段談的是the relationship between shoots and roots)：因此選項(xiàng)A應(yīng)為答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見第一段第一句：About fifty years ago，plant physiologists set out to grow roots by themselves.in solutions in laboratory flasks.這里指plant physiologists自己培育根用作物：因此themselves在此應(yīng)為正確選項(xiàng)。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見第一段第三句：They required sugar and the usual minerals and vitamins.所以選項(xiàng)B是答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見第一段第六句：Roots are capable of making their own proteins and other organic compounds.所以選項(xiàng)A是答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 推斷題型。
第一段提到(塊)根需要sugar and the usual minerals and vitamins，但不需要 organic nitrogen compounds，因(塊)根可自造所需的蛋白質(zhì)和其它organic compounds;這里反復(fù)提到的organic compounds應(yīng)包括the high energy compound ATP(見第一段倒數(shù)第二句);因此可推斷出選項(xiàng)C(一種化合物)為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義題型。
本句意為：對于分離出(孤立)的根所做的研究為了解根和芽作為一植物 ______的關(guān)系提供了幫助。當(dāng)然intact應(yīng)為：包括根和芽的植物整體;因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義題型。
見第二段第四句：This comes in handy for the growth of buds in the early spring when leaves are not yet functioning.這對于芽(蓓蕾)在早春的生長很是必要，因?yàn)槿~在那時還沒有起作用。所以comes in handy應(yīng)表“必要”，所以選項(xiàng) C為答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 推斷題型。
見第二段第三、四句，根為芽提供有機(jī)氮，這對于芽(蓓蕾)在早春的生長很是必要，因?yàn)槿~在那時還沒有起作用。因此可推斷出;在那時，植物的芽是從根處獲得有機(jī)化合物的;所以選項(xiàng)D為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 主旨題型。
第二段第一句為本文的主旨。而這是植物生理學(xué)家通過研究種植在實(shí)驗(yàn)瓶中的根，及在此基礎(chǔ)上研究根、芽作為植物整體間的關(guān)系取得的：本文對此作了較詳盡的解釋。因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 推斷題型。
根據(jù)本篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和文體，不可能是一篇時事通訊(因發(fā)生在大約50年前)，也不會是一篇故事或小說，在此只可能是發(fā)表在一份專業(yè)刊物上，因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見第一段第一句：Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply.因此選項(xiàng)D為答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 是非題型。
見第一段第二句的后半部分：For example，the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound;an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost.意即：玫瑰香(料)所需的成分是從天然玫瑰油中萃取的，這種萃取物一磅價(jià)值要數(shù)千美元;而人工合成的玫瑰香料價(jià)值只是天然的百分之一。因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見第一段第三句：Since the early twentieth century，success in reproducing these substances has created a new industry that…符合“二十世紀(jì)早期”條件的選項(xiàng)只有C，所以是答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
本題可用排除法。見第二段第一句：Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized; these include vanillin，the aromatic ingredient in vanilla，and benzaldehyde，the aromatic ingredient in wild cherries.選項(xiàng)A、B、C的內(nèi)容均被提及，因此除外的選項(xiàng)只有D，所以D為答案。(本題答案也可用下一題的推斷法推出)
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 推斷題型。
從第二段前幾句得知：Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized.(有些天然香料可以很容易地進(jìn)行人工合成。)Other fragrances，however，have dozens， even hundreds of components.(而有些卻包含有幾十甚至上百種成分——言外之意，較難合成。)Only recently has it been possible to separate and identify these ingredients by the use of gas chromatography and spectroscopy.(只是到了最近，由于使用氣相色譜分析和分光鏡才能分離或鑒別出這些成分。)Once the chemical identity is known，it is often possible to synthesize them.(一旦了解了它們的化學(xué)成分，人們就有可能將之合成。)Nevertheless, some complex substances, such as the aroma of fresh coffee.have still not been duplicated satisfactorily.(然而仍有一些復(fù)雜的成分，如新鮮咖啡的香味難以合成得令人滿意。)：由此可推斷出很難合成與新鮮咖啡香味相同的香料。選項(xiàng)C內(nèi)容與此意最接近，所以是答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 推斷題型。
見上題推理：作者之所以提及新鮮咖啡，是借此例來說明一些成分復(fù)雜的物質(zhì)很難令人滿意地合成出來。所以選項(xiàng)A為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見第二段倒數(shù)第二句(見75題答案)，所以選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 推斷題型。
見第三段第一句：Many of the chemical compounds…and are as harmless or harmful as the natural substances.由此推斷出;有些化學(xué)合成物(其中也包括香料)與其自然界存在的物質(zhì)一樣是無害的，有些則是有害的。因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 主旨題型。
閱讀全文可知本文是圍繞天然調(diào)味品和香料供應(yīng)有限且價(jià)格不菲(見第一段第一句)，后有了人工合成品替代(盡管有些合成容易，有些困難)，使大量生產(chǎn)成為可能;其中主要部分談的是人工合成品(調(diào)味品和香料);因此選項(xiàng)D為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
可用排除法：選項(xiàng)A、D的內(nèi)容見第四段后半句，選項(xiàng)B的內(nèi)容見第四段前半句;只有選項(xiàng)C的內(nèi)容未被提及(因?yàn)閘emon檸檬屬于natural substance，不是人工合成物)，所以是答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 推斷題型。
從文章前幾句得知：一些人認(rèn)為有遷徙習(xí)性的主要是鳥類……但哺乳動物也“遷徙”;其中一個例子是……。另一個遷徙的例子是……。由此推斷出并不是所有的哺乳動物都遷徙;因此選項(xiàng)D是答案。本題也可用排除法做：選項(xiàng)A、B、C均是錯誤的，所以只有D是正確選項(xiàng)。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見上題分析，第二、三句提到哺乳動物也遷徙;其中一個例子是……。當(dāng)然這個例子應(yīng)是指遷徒的哺乳動物了。所以選項(xiàng)A是答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
選項(xiàng)A和C在第三句中提及;選項(xiàng)D在第六句中提及;因此本題答案應(yīng)為B。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見第三句、五句：An example is the caribou，reindeer that graze on the grassy slopes of northern Canada...Their tracks are so well-worn that they are clearly visible from the air.因此答案為D。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 是非題型。
見文章最后一句：In winter，the whales move to warm waters to breed and give birth to their young.因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
[注意本題容易選錯]從文章Another migrating mammal is the Alaska fur seal. These seals breed only in the Pribilot Islands in the Bering Sea.The young are born in June and by September are strong enough to go with their mothers on a journey of over 3，000 miles.Together they swim down the Pacific Coast of North America.The females and young travel as far as southern California.The males do not journey so far.中的劃線部分可知，The females and young Alaska fur seal會從the Bering Sea(白令�！碧窖蟮囊徊糠�)swim down the Pacific Coast of North America直到 southern California;而The males也會從白令海南下(因?yàn)門hese seals breed only in the Pribilot Islands in the Bering Sea.)，只不過他們沒有the females and young走的遠(yuǎn)罷了。因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 是非題型。
選項(xiàng)A(見文章最后一句)、選項(xiàng)C(見上題)和選項(xiàng)D(見第三句)的內(nèi)容在文章中均有提及，所以選項(xiàng)B是答案。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見文章倒數(shù)第三、四句：Whales eat huge quantities of plankton(浮游生物). These are most abundant in cold polar waters.所以選項(xiàng)A為答案。也可用排除法：選項(xiàng)B指的是reindeer的習(xí)性，選項(xiàng)C文中未提及鯨以幼仔為生，選項(xiàng) D指的是tropic water，與polar water相反;所以只有選項(xiàng)A正確。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
文章提及reindeer(第三句)，the Alaska fur seal(第六句)和Whales(倒數(shù)第五句)所以選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 主旨題型。
閱讀全文，本文主要講的是一些遷徙的哺乳動物，未仔細(xì)談及幾種類型的遷徙;因此C為答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見第二段第一句：The convenience and efficiency of electronic mail are threatened by ______ unsolicited commercial electronic mail.從第三段得知unsolicited commercial electronic mail指的是unwanted messages：因此選項(xiàng)D為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 是非題型。
見第三段第一句：The receipt of unsolicited commercial electronic mail may result in costs to recipients who______, or for the time spent accessing, reviewing，and discarding such mail，or for both.三個劃線部分分別是選項(xiàng)A、C、D的內(nèi)容，因此只有選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見第三段第二句：The receipt of a large number of unwanted messages also decreases the convenience of electronic mall and creates a risk that wanted electronic mail messages，both commercial and noncommercial，will be lost.overlooked，or discarded amidst…因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義題型。
本文第三段主要談及unsolicited commercial electronic mail帶來的害處，且根據(jù)上下文，pornographic應(yīng)與or前面的vulgar(粗俗的)近義;因此選項(xiàng)A. decent正派的，有分寸的、B.instructional指導(dǎo)的，教育的、D.commercial商業(yè)的，貿(mào)易的，均不符合題意;只有選項(xiàng)、C.sexual(性的)符合題意，是答案。pornographic的，作品的。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見第四段第一句：The growth in unsolicited commercial electronic mail imposes. significant monetary costs on providers of Internet access services, businesses，and educational and nonprofit institutions that...因此選項(xiàng)A是答案。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義題型。
見第四段最后一句：Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail purposefully disguise the source of such mail.根據(jù)前面提及的unsolicited commercial electronic mail會帶來許多危害，可推斷出發(fā)送人當(dāng)然不希望人們知道他們的地址了;因此選項(xiàng)B.hide(隱藏，掩飾)是答案。disguise隱瞞，掩飾;reveal展現(xiàn)，揭示：deliver遞送，陳述，post郵遞，張貼，揭示。
【正確答案】：A
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞義題型。
從第五段第一句：Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail purposefully include misleading information in the messages' subject lines in order to induce.the recipients to view the messages.得知：這些人故意在郵件主題欄中使用一些會誤導(dǎo)的信息來______收件人觀看信息;四個選項(xiàng)中A.cheat(欺騙，騙取)用在劃線部分最符合題意。選項(xiàng)B(介紹)和C(提供)都不如A的意思恰當(dāng)。
【正確答案】：B
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
第四段第二句是個對比句：While some senders…provide simple and reliable ways for recipients to reject (or‘opt-out’of)receipt of...，other senders，provide no such‘opt-out’mechanism...從中得知‘opt-out’應(yīng)是reject的近義詞;而‘opt-out’ mechanism應(yīng)是前半句中提到的simple and reliable ways for recipients to reject receipt of...;因此選項(xiàng)B最符合題意。
【正確答案】：C
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 推斷題型。
從第六段得知：發(fā)送這些unwanted messages的人利用電腦程序自動從國際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)站或在線服務(wù)來收集大量的e-mail地址……，由此推知：他們會向這些地址發(fā)送unwanted messages，目的當(dāng)然應(yīng)是發(fā)送廣告了，因此選項(xiàng)C是答案。
【正確答案】：D
【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分
【答案解析】
[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。
見最后一段。選項(xiàng)A、B、C的內(nèi)容都對，但都不全面：只有選項(xiàng)D(人們共同的努力和新技術(shù)的使用)最全面，應(yīng)選作答案。
【正確答案】：
答案:risks
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語境搭配。
根據(jù)語境分析，“保險(xiǎn)是對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的分擔(dān)”;按照下文“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”的用詞，此處應(yīng)填risks。
第2題
【正確答案】：
答案:to
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞語搭配。
此句意為：幾乎每個人都會遭遇某種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。be exposed to使(日光、風(fēng)雨等)暴露于，使遭受(危險(xiǎn)等)，使接觸到(作用、影響)。
第3題
【正確答案】：
答案:property/house
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語境搭配。
根據(jù)語境分析，此處所填之詞即為“房屋擁有者的房屋或房產(chǎn)”，所以此處應(yīng)填property/house。
第4題
【正確答案】：
答案:accident/chance
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞語搭配。
此句是舉例說明人們可能遇到的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：房屋的主人知道他的房產(chǎn)可能會被大火毀壞;船主知道他的船只可能會在海上失事，養(yǎng)家糊口的人知道他也許會死于意外/偶然死去，使得家人生活在貧困之中。而“死于意外/偶然死去”應(yīng)為by accident 或 by chance。
第5題
【正確答案】：
答案:leave
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞語搭配。
此處需填一個動詞。句意見上題;因表“離別(家人)，離棄，遺棄”，因此應(yīng)填leave。
第6題
【正確答案】：
答案:small/certain
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞語搭配。
此句意為：如果這些人每人拿出少量的/一定的錢匯集起來，就會有足夠的錢去滿足那些(少數(shù)的)遭受損失的人的需要�！吧倭康�/一定的錢”應(yīng)為a small/certain sum of money。
第7題
【正確答案】：
答案:meet
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞語搭配。
此處需填一個動詞，句義見上題：“滿足……的需要”應(yīng)為meet…the needs。
第8題
【正確答案】：
答案:loss/losses
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞語搭配。
此處需填個名詞/名詞性的詞：句意見第6題�！霸馐軗p失”應(yīng)為suffer loss/losses。
第9題
【正確答案】：
答案:many
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語境搭配。
此句意為：換言之，少數(shù)人的損失可用多數(shù)人的貢獻(xiàn)來應(yīng)付：此處所填之詞與前面的冠詞the應(yīng)與前面的the few構(gòu)成反義詞，因此應(yīng)填many。
第10題
【正確答案】：
答案:insurance
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語境搭配。
此句意為：這就是……的基礎(chǔ)。而本文介紹的就是保險(xiǎn)的作用。故此處應(yīng)填名詞“保險(xiǎn)insurance”。
第11題
【正確答案】：
答案:insured
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語境搭配。
此句進(jìn)一步介紹保險(xiǎn)業(yè)的術(shù)語：那些交捐款的人被稱作“保戶/加入保險(xiǎn)者”：而那些管理這些匯集起來的捐款的人則被稱作“保險(xiǎn)業(yè)者/保險(xiǎn)公司”：因此應(yīng)填insured保戶/加入保險(xiǎn)者。
第12題
【正確答案】：
答案:premium
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語境搭配。
根據(jù)上下文，此句意為：保險(xiǎn)的費(fèi)用(保險(xiǎn)費(fèi))自然應(yīng)按以往經(jīng)驗(yàn)估計(jì)可能要冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來定。因此應(yīng)填premium保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。
第13題
【正確答案】：
答案:by
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞語搭配。
此處需填一個表示手段的介詞，句意見上題，因此應(yīng)填by。
第14題
【正確答案】：
答案:high
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語境搭配。
根據(jù)上下文，此句意為：“如果(保險(xiǎn))公司將保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)定得過高，保險(xiǎn)業(yè)的競爭將更激烈，他們就有可能失去商機(jī)/損失金錢”。如把此句與下一句聯(lián)系起來看：If the companies fix their premiums too______(14)，…On the other hand，if they make the premiums too low, …由此也可推斷出此處應(yīng)填high。
第15題
【正確答案】：
答案:business/money
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞語搭配。
此處需填一個名詞，句意見上題：因此應(yīng)填business/money。
第16題
【正確答案】：
答案:profit
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 語境搭配。
根據(jù)上下文，此句意為：“另一方面，如果(保險(xiǎn))公司將保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)定得過低，他們將無法獲利，甚至有可能不得不退出這一行業(yè)�！币虼藨�(yīng)填profit。
第17題
【正確答案】：
答案:of
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 習(xí)慣塔配。
句意見上題：詞組“退出”應(yīng)為：drop out of...。
第18題
【正確答案】：
答案:demand
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞語搭配。
根據(jù)句意：“因此，一般供求關(guān)系的影響會使保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)對保險(xiǎn)公司和投保雙方來說都保持在一個合適的水平�！彼源颂帒�(yīng)填一個與supply相對之詞，因此 demand是答案。
第19題
【正確答案】：
答案:level
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞語搭配。
此處應(yīng)填一個名詞，句意見上題;因此為at a proper level。
第20題
【正確答案】：
答案:buy
[本題分?jǐn)?shù)]： 1.0 分
【答案解析】
[分析] 詞語搭配。
此處應(yīng)填一個動詞，表示“買保險(xiǎn)的人”;句意見18題;因此答案為buy。
