2018年翻譯資格考試初級(jí)筆譯試題：中國(guó)發(fā)展史

　　漢譯英

　　從 19 世紀(jì) 40 年代之后的鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、甲午戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，至 20 世紀(jì) 30 年代的日本侵華戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，中國(guó)慘遭東西方列強(qiáng)的屠戮和極其野蠻的經(jīng)濟(jì)掠奪;再加上封建腐敗和連年內(nèi)亂，中國(guó)主權(quán)淪喪、生靈涂炭、國(guó)力衰弱、民不聊生。深重的災(zāi)難、慘痛的事實(shí)使民族深知和平之珍貴、發(fā)展之重要。這樣的歷史實(shí)踐形成了中國(guó)人民渴望和平、企求安定的心理，堅(jiān)定了中國(guó)人民走和平發(fā)展道路的信念。

　　1949 年新中國(guó)成立后，我們?cè)诎l(fā)展道路上艱辛探索，既經(jīng)歷過(guò)成功的喜悅，也經(jīng)受過(guò)失敗的挫折。從 1978 年開(kāi)始，中國(guó)開(kāi)啟了新的征程，從計(jì)劃轉(zhuǎn)向市場(chǎng)，從封閉轉(zhuǎn)向開(kāi)放，從自成一體轉(zhuǎn)向融入經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化，走獨(dú)立自主地建設(shè)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的道路，取得了舉世矚目的輝煌成就。實(shí)踐充分證明，堅(jiān)持走和平發(fā)展的道路是正確的，既符合中國(guó)國(guó)情，又順應(yīng)時(shí)代潮流。中國(guó)將沿著這條和平發(fā)展的道路，堅(jiān)定不移地走下去。

　　參考譯文一

　　From the Opium War and the First Sino-Japanese War after the 1840s, China's War on Foreign Invaders 1900 to the Japanese War of Aggression against China in 1930s, China was subject to the butchering of the then strong powers in the West and East and their extremely barbarian economic depredation. This, coupled with feudal corruption and years of successive civil strife and chaos, led to the loss of China's sovereignty and the horrendous suffering of her people, her national strength failing and people barely surviving. The grave disasters and the harsh facts have ingrained deeply into the Chinese nation the value of peace and the importance of development. Such a historic experience has shaped the psychology of the Chinese people in our quest for peace and hope for stability, consolidating our belief in following a path to peaceful development.

　　After the founding of New China in 1949, we have made arduous explorations in the course of our development, going through both the joys of success and the frustrations of failure. Starting from 1978, China has embarked on a new journey of transforming from a planned to a market economy, from cloistered up to opening up, from exclusive self-sustaining to integration into globalization. By following a path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics in an independent and self-reliant manner, we have scored glorious achievements that attracted worldwide attention. Practice has amply demonstrated that it is right to adhere to a path of peaceful development, as it conforms to both China's reality and the trend of the times. China will unswervingly march onward alongside this path to peaceful development.

　　參考譯文二

　　From the Opium Wars that ravaged China in 1840s and 1860s through the Sino-Japanese War that broke out in 1894 to the Japanese Aggression War on China that started in 1930s, China was subjected to merciless slaughtering and brutal economic plundering by both Occidental and Oriental imperial powers. The external bullying and oppression, coupled with outrageous corruption of feudal imperial courts and incessant turmoil and chaos arising from within, deprived the nation of sovereignty, plunged the people into misery and suffering, and drastically debilitated the country. With untold suffering and tragic episodes in mind, the Chinese nation is keenly aware of how peace shall be cherished and development valued. It is out of this historical context that the Chinese people have shaped their craving for peace and aspiration for stability. What happened in that humiliating part of history has entrenched/anchored the Chinese people‟s conviction in following a path to peaceful development.

　　The founding of new China in 1949 has been followed by strenuous explorations that have produced a mix of successes and failures, exciting progress and frustrating setbacks. China embarked on a whole-new journey in 1978, moving away from planned economy to market-oriented practices and from self-seclusion to opening. China has since been integrating itself into the global economy and remained committed to building socialism with distinctive Chinese features on its own. The remarkable achievements we have accomplished over the years testify to the fact that the road to peaceful development is correct, as it conforms to not only China‟s national reality but also the defining trend of our times. China will stay committed to peaceful rise down the road.