As a leader of a least developed country, I speak from experience when I say that poverty is too complex a phenomenon, and the strategies for fighting it too diverse and dependent on local circumstances, for there is no single silver bullet in the war on poverty.

　　作為一個(gè)最不發(fā)達(dá)國家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，就切身體驗(yàn)而言，我認(rèn)為貧窮是一個(gè)非常復(fù)雜的現(xiàn)象，戰(zhàn)勝貧窮的方法也是多種多樣的，而且在很大程度上取決于當(dāng)?shù)氐那闆r，因此也就沒有一件特別有效的法寶。

　　We have learned the hard way over the years. We have experimented with all kinds of ideas.

　　許多年來，我們吃過不少苦頭。我們對(duì)各種不同的主張進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)。

　　Yet a report recently released by the World Economic Forum shows that barely a third of what should have been done by now to ensure the world meets its goals to fight poverty, hunger and disease by 2015 is done. I am now convinced that the Millennium Development Goals set by the United Nations in 2000 can only be attained through a global compact, anchored in national policies that take into account local circumstances.

　　然而，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇不久前發(fā)表的一份報(bào)告稱，全世界應(yīng)在 2015 年完成的戰(zhàn)勝貧窮、饑餓和瘧疾的目標(biāo)，至今只勉強(qiáng)完成了應(yīng)完成的三分之一�，F(xiàn)在我確信，要實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國于 2000 年確定的各項(xiàng)新前年發(fā)展目標(biāo)，必須要有一項(xiàng)全球協(xié)議。該協(xié)議必須基于符合當(dāng)?shù)厍闆r的國家政策。

　　Aid and trade are both necessary, but they are not enough on their own. Neither is good governance enough in itself. Above all, nothing can move without the direct participation of local communities. I fear that we lecture too much. This is not the best way.

　　援助和貿(mào)易都是必要的，但光靠它們還是不夠的。只靠善治也是不夠的。事實(shí)上，沒有地方社會(huì)力量的直接參與，任何事情都不可能取得進(jìn)展。我擔(dān)心的是我們說得太多。這可不是上策。

　　I will give an example of how such a compact worked in Tanzania to achieve universal basic schooling.

　　我想舉一個(gè)例子來說名義向全球協(xié)議是怎么在坦桑尼亞運(yùn)作，以實(shí)現(xiàn)普及基礎(chǔ)教育的。

　　In the mid-1990s, almost all indicators for basic education were in free fall. The gross enrollment rate had fallen from 98 percent in the early 1980s to 77.6 percent in 2000. The net enrollment rate had likewise fallen, from over 80 percent to only 58.8 percent.

　　二十世紀(jì)九十年代中期，基礎(chǔ)教育幾乎各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)都大幅下滑。毛入學(xué)率從八十年代初的 98% 下降到 2000 年的 77.6% 。凈入學(xué)率也從 80% 以上下降到只有 58.8%。

　　Then several things happened. We decided at the top political level that basic education would be a top priority, and adopted a five-year Primary Education Development Plan to achieve universal basic education by 2006 - nine years ahead of the global target.

　　隨后發(fā)生了幾件事情。最高政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層決定將基礎(chǔ)教育列為最優(yōu)先發(fā)展的項(xiàng)目，并通過了"小學(xué)教育五年發(fā)展計(jì)劃"，規(guī)定于2006年普及基礎(chǔ)教育，比全球的規(guī)定目標(biāo)提前九年。

　　Good governance produced more government revenues, which quadrupled over the last eight years. In 2001, we received debt relief under the World Bank's enhanced HIPC ( heavily indebted poor countries ) Initiative. Subsequently, more donors put aid money directly into our budget or into a pooled fund for the Primary Education Development Program ( PEDP ) .

　　善治使國庫日漸充實(shí)，政府收入八年來翻了兩番。 2001 年，我們接受了世界銀行為重債窮國進(jìn)一步免除債務(wù)的安排。隨后還有捐助者直接把錢劃入我們的預(yù)算，或捐給小學(xué)教育發(fā)展計(jì)劃設(shè)立的合作基金。

　　The government's political will was evidenced by the fact that over the last five years the share of the national budget going to poverty reduction rose by 130 percent. We abolished school fees in primary schools.

　　政府的政治決心從以下情況可以得到驗(yàn)證：五年來，國家預(yù)算中用于消除貧窮的部分增加了 130% 。我們還取消了小學(xué)的學(xué)費(fèi)。

　　Then we ensured that all PEDP projects are locally determined, planned, owned, implemented and evaluated. This gave the people pride and dignity in what they were doing. After only two years of implementing PEDP, tremendous successes have been achieved.

　　此外，我們還保證所有涉及小學(xué)教育發(fā)展計(jì)劃的項(xiàng)目都由地方來確定、規(guī)劃、擁有、執(zhí)行和評(píng)估。這就使得人們?yōu)樽约旱乃�作所為感到驕傲，感到光彩。小學(xué)教育發(fā)展計(jì)劃只實(shí)行了兩年，就取得了巨大的成功。