2017年catti三級(jí)筆譯模擬試題：WTO圓了中國(guó)家庭的買車夢(mèng)

　　【漢譯英】

　　WTO圓了中國(guó)家庭的買車夢(mèng)

　　新年伊始，在中國(guó)加入WTO不久，中國(guó)制造的汽車——大部分是那些經(jīng)濟(jì)型，還有一些中、高級(jí)車輛的價(jià)格大幅下降，規(guī)模前所未有，降幅達(dá)到6%至近20%。2價(jià)格下降的原因是中國(guó)加入WTO后，將開放汽車市場(chǎng)。到2006年，進(jìn)口汽車的關(guān)稅將從80% -100%降至25%;而進(jìn)口汽車部件的關(guān)稅將降至10%。3盡管這是一個(gè)漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程，但是國(guó)產(chǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)型、中級(jí)汽車降價(jià)是必要的，因?yàn)檫M(jìn)口汽車會(huì)全面降價(jià)，有的幅度高達(dá)30%，這就意味著進(jìn)口汽車的數(shù)量會(huì)增加，有些價(jià)格會(huì)與國(guó)產(chǎn)汽車價(jià)位相當(dāng)。所以，降價(jià)勢(shì)在必行。

　　中國(guó)汽車制造商正在實(shí)施價(jià)格戰(zhàn)略以增加銷售額，以彌補(bǔ)由削價(jià)造成的損失。+這是占有市場(chǎng)份額，保證長(zhǎng)期利潤(rùn)的唯一辦法。我國(guó)政府歷來(lái)非常重視汽車工業(yè)的發(fā)展。自1949年人民共和國(guó)成立以來(lái)，為了將汽車工業(yè)發(fā)展成為民族工業(yè)，政府對(duì)汽車工業(yè)給予高度保護(hù)。然而，事與愿違，在諸多汽車企業(yè)中，上規(guī)模的為數(shù)不多。5 1982年，共有2500多家汽車及汽車部件生產(chǎn)企業(yè)，但其年產(chǎn)量還不及一家日本、美國(guó)或歐洲汽車制造商一個(gè)班次的生產(chǎn)量。

　　20世紀(jì)80年代中期以來(lái)，在對(duì)外投資優(yōu)惠政策的鼓勵(lì)下，國(guó)際大型汽車制造企業(yè)。如大眾、通用、福特、豐田、雪鐵龍、菲亞特等紛紛在中國(guó)建立合資企業(yè)，這表明中國(guó)汽車工業(yè)前景廣闊。7自20世紀(jì)90年代中、后期以來(lái)，在激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的激勵(lì)下，為適應(yīng)中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的需求，各家合資企業(yè)都開發(fā)了經(jīng)濟(jì)型車生產(chǎn)線，同時(shí)加強(qiáng)了生產(chǎn)的本土化。8然而，迄今為止，中國(guó)還未形成自己的汽車工業(yè)，在眾多的汽車生產(chǎn)廠家中，沒有任何一家具有國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。

　　隨著中國(guó)加入WTO，國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)面臨著巨大挑戰(zhàn)，大幅削價(jià)僅僅是挑戰(zhàn)之一。9只有通過(guò)激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)才能打造出強(qiáng)勢(shì)企業(yè)，中國(guó)的汽車工業(yè)才能發(fā)展壯大。

　　由于汽車是可替代消費(fèi)品，其價(jià)格就是銷售中的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素并對(duì)未來(lái)消費(fèi)者影響巨大。這一點(diǎn)在911恐怖襲擊事件后表現(xiàn)得尤為明顯，當(dāng)時(shí)在美國(guó)市場(chǎng)總體蕭條的情況下，只有汽車工業(yè)依然保持其一派繁榮。其原因在于優(yōu)惠政策的實(shí)施，比如削價(jià)和無(wú)息貸款。在中國(guó)削價(jià)使數(shù)家品牌的汽車銷售一空。中國(guó)目前的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)是擁有私車，然而，對(duì)于大部分老百姓而言，這只是一個(gè)夢(mèng)，因?yàn)楦甙旱膬r(jià)格是難以解決的問(wèn)題。此外，消費(fèi)信貸服務(wù)還處在起步階段，其規(guī)模有限，條件嚴(yán)格。只有10%的汽車是貨款購(gòu)買的，這一比例遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。隨著中國(guó)加入WTO，國(guó)外金融機(jī)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在已正式獲準(zhǔn)開辦汽車消費(fèi)信貸服務(wù)，即將由中央銀行出臺(tái)的相關(guān)條例將有助于逐步改善國(guó)內(nèi)汽車消費(fèi)信貸服務(wù)，給國(guó)人以更多的選擇。

　　削價(jià)只是我國(guó)汽車工業(yè)調(diào)整的開始。隨著申國(guó)加入WTO，汽車工業(yè)無(wú)疑將得到振興。12汽車工業(yè)將成為我國(guó)的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)，國(guó)內(nèi)汽車生產(chǎn)商能夠提高其核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力并打造世界知名品牌。13更重要的是，在激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)下，家庭擁有汽車對(duì)于我國(guó)老百姓來(lái)講將不再是一個(gè)夢(mèng)想。

　　詞匯.

　　1.關(guān)稅tariff

　　2.部件spare part

　　3.勢(shì)在必行imperative

　　4.市場(chǎng)份額market share

　　5.優(yōu)惠政策preferential policy

　　6.本土化localization

　　7.可替代replaceable

　　8.恐怖襲擊terrorist attack

　　9.無(wú)息貸款loans without interest

　　10.信貸credit

　　11.核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力core competitive power

　　注釋

　　1.WTO圓了中國(guó)家庭的買車夢(mèng)：在這里“圓……夢(mèng)”的意義是實(shí)現(xiàn)、滿足了夢(mèng)想，英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞fulfil -詞可以表達(dá)這一語(yǔ)義，因而可以譯作WTO fulfils the Chinese people's dream of a family car。再如：“滿足愿望/實(shí)現(xiàn)……希望/滿足需要”：fulfil a desire/hope/need。

　　2.本句中主干結(jié)構(gòu)是“價(jià)格大幅下降”，其余為附加成分，可以做定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)處理。句中“大幅下降”可以譯為plummet，如：House prices have plummeted in this area.此地房?jī)r(jià)大跌。

　　3.本句中第二部分重復(fù)“關(guān)稅”一詞，這是漢語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)，但是英語(yǔ)通常需要用其他詞替代，這里用了代詞that來(lái)替代關(guān)稅tariff。

　　4.本句中前一分句的“實(shí)施價(jià)格戰(zhàn)略以增加銷售額”可以譯成定語(yǔ)從句employing price strategies that will increase sales volume。后一分句中“由削價(jià)造成的損失”可以借助于英語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞做后置定語(yǔ)的功能，譯作losses caused by price reductions，這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，意義明了，行文流暢。

　　5.本句中“事與愿違”根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境可譯作things did not develop as rapidly as was hoped“為數(shù)不多”，可用不定代詞few -詞即可;由于本句表達(dá)了兩層意義，因此，可拆譯成兩句。

　　6.國(guó)際汽車制造大型企業(yè)：根據(jù)這里的具體語(yǔ)境，可譯作international auto giants，如：跨國(guó)大石油公司：multinational oil giants。

　　7.本句看似很長(zhǎng)，其實(shí)并不復(fù)雜，其主干“國(guó)際大型汽車制造企業(yè)如大眾、通用、福特、豐田、雪鐵龍、菲亞特等在中國(guó)建立合資企業(yè)”，可以譯成主句，前面的“20世紀(jì)80年代中期以來(lái)，在中國(guó)對(duì)外投資優(yōu)惠政策的鼓勵(lì)下”可譯作狀語(yǔ)，而后面的“這表明中國(guó)汽車工業(yè)前景廣闊”則可用定語(yǔ)從句which indicates good prospects for our auto industry或用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)indicating good prospects for our auto industry處理。這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，意義準(zhǔn)確，符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣。

　　8.本句中“大幅削價(jià)”是國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)面對(duì)的眾多挑戰(zhàn)之一，故本句可譯為：the domestic market faces huge challenges, of which substantial price reductions are just oneo9.本句看似結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，但如果我們能搞清其結(jié)構(gòu)就不難翻譯�！�911恐怖襲擊事件”與其后時(shí)間銜接很緊，可合并做定語(yǔ)從句處理;句中“在美國(guó)市場(chǎng)總體蕭條的情況下”可以譯作狀語(yǔ)within the generally depressed state of the American market，“只有汽車工業(yè)依然保持其一派繁榮”，可以用以代詞it為形式主語(yǔ)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句，譯作：it was only the auto industry that was able to maintain its prosperity。

　　10.消費(fèi)信貸服務(wù)：可以譯作the consumption credit service。

　　11.振興：通常譯作“revitalize”。但是“振興”中的“振興”則通常譯為rejuvenate( the Chinese nation)，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)詞組含有“使民族重新煥發(fā)青春”之意�？傊�，這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)在譯法要根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境而定。請(qǐng)?bào)w會(huì)：大力振興農(nóng)業(yè)vigorously develop agriculture振興社會(huì)主義道德promote socialist morality振興旅游事業(yè)promote tourism振興地方經(jīng)濟(jì)invigorate local economy

　　12.打造世界知名品牌：可以譯作“formulate world famous brands”。

　　【參考譯文】

　　WTO Fulfills the Chinese People's Dream of a Family Car

　　At the beginning of the New Year, shortly after China joined the WTO, the prices of Chinese made cars - mostly those in the economy range, but also including some middle and high-grade cars, plummeted on an unprecedented scale, from 6 percent to nearly 20 percent. The main reason for this is that the Chinese car market is expected to open after China's WTO entry. Through till 2006, the 80 to 100 percent tariff on imported cars will be reduced to 25 percent, and that on the import of spare parts will decrease to 10 percent. Although this is an evolutionary process, prices of Chinese made economy and middle-range cars have been reduced as a matter of necessity, as those of imported cars have decreased in an all-round way, some to a level of 30 percent. This means an increasing number of cars will be imported, and some will be the same price as Chinese made cars. Price reduction is therefore imperative.

　　Chinese auto makers are employing price strategies that will increase sales volume, and make up for losses caused by price reductions. This is the only way they can seize a greater market share, and guarantee their long-term profits. Our government has always attached great importance to the development of the auto industry. Since the founding of the PRC in 194.9, and in order to make it into a national industry, the government has granted the auto industry a high degree of protection. However, things did not develop as rapidly as was hoped. Few of China's numerous auto enterprises are of a large scale. In 1982, there were over 2,500 auto and spare parts manufacturers, but their total annual output was less than the single shift output of an average Japanese, American or European auto-manufacturer.

　　Since the mid-1980s, spurred on by the preferential policies for foreign investment, international auto giants, such as Volkswagen, GM, Ford, Toyota, PSA Peugeot-Citroen and Fiat, have established joint ventures in China, indicating good prospects for our auto industry.

　　Since the middle and latter part of the 1990s, stimulated by fierce competition, various auto joint ventures have developed a line in economy cars to suit the Chinese market, and have meanwhile enhanced production localization. However, to date, we have still not formulated our own auto industry, as of the numerous Chinese auto manufacturers, not one has internationally competitive power. With China's WTO entry, the domestic market faces huge challenges, of which substantial price reductions are just one. It is only through fierce competition that a powerful enterpri.se can be forged, and that the Chinese auto industry can grow up.

　　As cars are easily replaceable products, their price is a key selling factor, and has the greatest influence on prospective buyers. This is evident from the aftermath of the September 11 terrorist attack, when it was only the auto industry, within the generally depressed state of the American market that was able to maintain its prosperity. The reason for this was the application of preferential policies, such as price reductions and loans without interest. In China, price reductions have resulted in several brands of cars being completely sold out. The current trend in China is to own a family car, but for most ordinary people, this is just a dream, as its high price presents an insurmountable problem. In addition, the consumption credit service is in its initial stage: its scale is limited, and stringent requirements must be met. Consequently, only 10 percent of cars are bought on credit - a far lower level than that of developed countries. With China's WTO entry, foreign financial institutions now have official sanction to develop car consumption credit services, and relevant regulations will be formulated by the Central Bank that will lead to a gradual improvement in the domestic car consumption credit market, and provide our people with more choices.

　　Price reductions mark only the beginning of the adjustments for our auto industry. With China's WTO entry, its auto industry will undoubtedly be revitalized. The auto industry will become pillar industry in China, and domestic auto manufacturers can improve their core competitive power and formulate world famous brands. Still more important, as a result of such stiff competition, the prospect of a family car will cease to be a dream for the Chinese man-in-the- street.