2017翻譯考試英語(yǔ)筆譯初級(jí)模擬題：哥倫布

　　【英譯漢】

　　Translate the following passage into Chinese.

　　Born in 1451, the son of an Italian weaver, Christopher Columbus took to the sea at an early age, making up for his lack of formal education by teaching himself geography, navigation, and Latin. By the 1480s Columbus - a tall, red-haired, long-faced man with a ruddy complexion, oval eyes, and a prominent nose - was an experienced seaman. Dazzled by the prospect of Asian riches, he hatched a scheme to reach the Indies (India, China, the East Indies, or Japan) by sailing west. After the courts of Portugal, England, and France showed little interest in his plan, Columbus turned to Spain for backing. He won the support of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Spanish monarchs, and himself raised much of the money needed to finance the voyage. The legend that the queen had to hock the crown jewels is as spurious as the fable that Columbus set out to prove the earth was round.

　　Columbus chartered one seventy-five-foot ship, the Santa Maria, and the Spanish city of Palos supplied two smaller caravels, the Pinta and Nina. From Palos this little squadron, with eighty-seven officers and men, set sail westward for what Columbus thought was Asia. The first leg of the journey went well, thanks to a strong trade wind. But then the breeze lagged, the days passed, and the crew began to grumble about their captain's farfetched plan. To rally flagging morale, he reminded the crew of the dazzling riches awaiting them. Yet skepticism remained rife, and he finally promised that the expedition would turn back if land were not sighted in three days.

　　Early on October 12, 1492, after thirty-three days at sea, a lookout on the Santa Maria yelled "Tierra! Tierra ! [Land! Land! ] " It was an island in the Bahamas that Columbus named San Salvador ( Blessed Savior), According to Columbus's own reckoning he was near the Indies, so he called the island people los Indios. He described the Indians as naked people, "very well made, of very handsome bodies and very good faces." The Arawak Indians paddled out in dugout logs, which they called canoes, and offered gifts to the strangers. Their warm generosity and docile temperament led Columbus to write in his journal that "they invite you to share anything that they possess, and show as much love as if their hearts went with it." Yet he added that "with fifty men they could all be subjugated and compelled to do anything one wishes."

　　【參考譯文】

　　1451年，克里斯托夫·哥倫布出生在一個(gè)意大利織工家庭。他從小就對(duì)航海著迷，自學(xué)了地理學(xué)、航海術(shù)和拉丁語(yǔ)，以此彌補(bǔ)沒(méi)受過(guò)正規(guī)教育的缺憾。到了15世紀(jì)80年伐，哥倫布已經(jīng)是一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的水手了，他身材高大，紅頭發(fā)，瘦長(zhǎng)臉，面色紅潤(rùn)，圓眼睛，高鼻梁。圖片上美輪美奐的亞洲風(fēng)光讓哥倫布為之神往，于是他策劃向西航行到印度群島(包括印度、中國(guó)、東印度群島或日本)。葡萄牙、英格蘭和法國(guó)朝廷對(duì)此沒(méi)有興趣，于是哥倫布便轉(zhuǎn)向西班牙求助，得到了國(guó)王斐迪南德和王后伊莎貝拉的支持。他自己還籌措了這次航海的很大一部分資金。傳說(shuō)王后抵押了自己王冠上的珠寶來(lái)資助他，純屬無(wú)稽之談，這就和說(shuō)哥倫布航海是為了證明地球是圓的一樣荒謬。

　　哥倫布自己租了一條75英尺長(zhǎng)的船，船名叫“圣瑪利亞”號(hào)，西班牙城市帕洛斯出了兩條稍小的三桅帆船“平塔”號(hào)和“尼娜”號(hào)。這支75人的隊(duì)伍就從帕洛斯起航了，朝著哥倫布心目中的亞洲向西進(jìn)發(fā)。起初貿(mào)易風(fēng)強(qiáng)勁，船隊(duì)順風(fēng)順?biāo)�，十分順利。但接著風(fēng)就不那么幫忙了，日子一天天過(guò)去，水手們開(kāi)始抱怨船長(zhǎng)的計(jì)劃異想天開(kāi)。為了鼓舞士氣，哥倫布向大家描繪了一番金銀財(cái)寶任取任拿的燦爛前景。盡管如此，大家仍心存疑慮。最后，他承諾，如果三天后還見(jiàn)不到陸地，就打道回府。

　　1492年10月12日一大早，在海上整整航行了33天之后，“圣瑪利亞”號(hào)上的嘹望員突然放聲大喊：“啊!陸地!”那是巴哈馬群島的一座島嶼，哥倫布把它命名為圣薩爾瓦多(意為“神圣的救世主”)。哥倫布自己估算，他差不多到了東印度群島，所以管那兒的人叫印第安人。在他的描述中，印第安人渾身赤裸，“身體壯實(shí)，身材健美，長(zhǎng)相標(biāo)致”。阿拉瓦克印第安人劃著挖空樹(shù)干做成的獨(dú)木舟，出來(lái)迎接，給這群陌生人獻(xiàn)禮。他們慷慨熱情，性情溫順，哥倫布在《航海日記》中寫(xiě)道，“他們傾其所有，邀君共享，一腔熱忱，絕無(wú)保留�！彼�還寫(xiě)道，“只需50人便足以降伏他們，任我差遣�！�