Section 1： English-Chinese Translation (50 points) For generations,coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah.Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supplycompanies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, asoot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal = Jobs.”

　　But recently, fearhas settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among thecanyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federalpollutionregulations. As energycompanies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people herehave grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozensof workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that theymust retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits arepreparing to take business elsewhere. “There are a lotof people worried,” said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant sincehe was 18. Mr. Davis, 56, worked his way up fromsweeping floors to managing operations atthe plant, whosefurnaces have been burning since 1954.

　　“I would haveliked to be here for another five years,” he said. “I’m too young to retire.” But Rocky MountainPower, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be tooexpensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercuryemissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015. “We had beenworking for the better part of three years, testing compliance strategies,”said David Eskelsen, a spokesman for the utility. “None of the ones weinvestigated really would produce the results that would meet the requirements.”

　　For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, drivenby tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a moveby utilities toward natural gas. This month, theboard of directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority, the country’s largestpublic power utility, voted to shut eight coal-powered plants in Alabama andKentucky and partly replace them with gas-fired power. Since 2010, more than150 coal plants have been closed or scheduled for retirement. The EnvironmentalProtection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for theplants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and willhave a sweeping impact on air quality. In recent weeks,the agency held 11 “l(fā)istening sessions” around the country in advance ofproposing additional rules for carbon dioxide emissions.

　　“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States,and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said BruceNilles, director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plants. For many here,coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.

　　But there is quietacknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change — if not now, soon. David Palacios’sfather, Pete, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fadehere. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was12, and earned $1 a day. “I’m retired, so I’llbe fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.

　　Section 2： Chinese-English Translation (50 points)

　　天柱縣位于貴州省東部，是川渝黔通往兩廣、江浙的重要門戶。素有“黔東第一關(guān)”、“中國重晶石之鄉(xiāng)”、“貴州高原黃金縣”之稱。

　　天柱縣總面積2201 平方千米，轄16 個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)，326 個(gè)行政村，總?cè)丝?1 萬余人，以侗，苗族為主的少數(shù)民族人口占98.3%，是貴州省少數(shù)民族比例最多的縣份之一。天柱蘊(yùn)藏著豐富的自然資源，氣候溫和，土壤肥沃，是貴州重要糧食生產(chǎn)基地，素有“黔東糧倉”的美譽(yù)。當(dāng)?shù)啬戤a(chǎn)煙葉2.6 萬擔(dān)，是中國煙葉主產(chǎn)區(qū)。這里林業(yè)資源豐富，森林面積達(dá)185 萬畝，覆蓋率達(dá)56%，是貴州十大林業(yè)基地之一。重晶石、黃金、煤等礦產(chǎn)資源豐富。

　　天柱乘西部大開發(fā)的東風(fēng)，迅速崛起。全縣國民經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)步發(fā)展，綜合實(shí)力日益增長，人民生活水平不斷提高，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整日益優(yōu)化，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)加強(qiáng)，城鎮(zhèn)面貌日新月異�！吧鷳B(tài)環(huán)境優(yōu)美，綜合服務(wù)優(yōu)越，人居條件優(yōu)良，經(jīng)濟(jì)充滿活力”的新天柱呈現(xiàn)在世人面前。

　　Section 1：英譯漢參考譯文猶他州東部有一個(gè)礦產(chǎn)豐富的小鎮(zhèn)，那里的人們祖祖輩輩都以采煤為生。每當(dāng)回憶起在地下辛苦采煤時(shí)的情景，各個(gè)家庭總是倍感驕傲。街道兩旁的煤炭供應(yīng)公司一個(gè)挨著一個(gè)。在通往礦井的蜿蜒小路上方的廣告牌上，一個(gè)滿臉炭灰的礦工凝視著遠(yuǎn)方，旁邊的標(biāo)語寫著“煤炭=工作”。但是最近，小鎮(zhèn)的人們心里充滿了恐懼。聯(lián)邦政府新頒布了一套更為嚴(yán)格的污染管理?xiàng)l例，這使得位于小鎮(zhèn)附近峽谷之中的一家美國最古老的燃煤電廠頻臨倒閉。由于能源公司紛紛棄用煤炭，轉(zhuǎn)而使用更清潔、更廉價(jià)的天然氣，小鎮(zhèn)的人們越來越害怕，他們的家園可能很快就不復(fù)存在�？ū倦姀S的幾十名工人早就意識到，他們要么提前退休，要么另謀職業(yè)。當(dāng)?shù)氐呢涍\(yùn)和裝配人員正準(zhǔn)備開發(fā)外地的業(yè)務(wù)。

　　凱爾戴維斯從18歲起，一直在這家發(fā)電廠工作。他說：“很多人都在擔(dān)憂�！�

　　戴維斯先生今年56歲，從清潔工一直做到電廠的經(jīng)營主管。這家電廠的熔爐從1954年開始，一直燃燒至今。

　　他說：“如果可能，我還想再工作五年。畢竟我還很年輕，沒到退休年齡�！�

　　公共事業(yè)公司落基山脈電力公司是這家電廠的經(jīng)營者，公司已經(jīng)決定，要達(dá)到聯(lián)邦政府最新規(guī)定的水銀排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，就必須改造這家老化的電廠，而改造費(fèi)用實(shí)在是太貴了，并不可行。電廠計(jì)劃在2015年4月關(guān)閉。大衛(wèi)艾斯凱爾森是電力公司的發(fā)言人。他說：“三年來，我們一直在不斷地努力改善，嘗試各種合規(guī)策略。經(jīng)過調(diào)查，這些策略都不能滿足政府的要求�！� 近年來，政府的環(huán)境保護(hù)條例愈加苛刻，人們用電的需求量逐漸下滑，加之公共事業(yè)公司打算向天然氣轉(zhuǎn)型，美國境內(nèi)已經(jīng)有數(shù)家燃煤電廠被迫關(guān)閉。田納西河流域管理局是美國最大的公共電力公司。本月，其董事會(huì)投票表決，關(guān)閉位于阿拉巴馬州和肯塔基州的八家燃煤電廠，部分電廠轉(zhuǎn)成天然氣電廠。2010年起，150多家燃煤電廠有的已經(jīng)關(guān)閉，有的即將關(guān)閉。美國環(huán)保局估計(jì)，這些針對燃煤電廠制定的更為嚴(yán)格的排放管理?xiàng)l例將節(jié)省數(shù)十億美元的健康儲(chǔ)蓄金，明顯改善空氣質(zhì)量。

　　二氧化碳排放的補(bǔ)充條款推出之前，美國環(huán)保局近幾周來在全國范圍內(nèi)召開了11場“聽證會(huì)”。布魯斯尼爾斯是塞拉俱樂部“超越煤炭”活動(dòng)的負(fù)責(zé)人，該行動(dòng)旨在關(guān)閉美國所有的燃煤電廠。他說“燃煤電廠是美國危險(xiǎn)性最大的碳污染源，我們已經(jīng)采取其他能源代替煤炭，比如風(fēng)力發(fā)電和太陽能發(fā)電。” 對于這里的許多人來說，采煤對他們再熟悉不過了。煤炭工業(yè)在困難時(shí)間也能把該地區(qū)團(tuán)結(jié)起來，尤其是2007年礦難發(fā)生后的黑暗時(shí)期。那次礦難發(fā)生在距離公路南35英里的礦區(qū)，礦難造成九人死亡，普里斯附近每一個(gè)人幾乎都認(rèn)識他們，其中六人還埋在山里。

　　盡管如此，人們心里還是默默地承認(rèn)，卡本縣必須改變，現(xiàn)在不變，不久也會(huì)變。

　　大衛(wèi)帕拉西奧斯的父親名叫皮特，在礦區(qū)工作了43年，見證了這里煤炭工業(yè)的興衰。皮特今年86歲，當(dāng)回憶第一次采煤的情景，他雙眼濕潤了。那年他才12歲，每天掙1美元。

　　“我退休了，日子會(huì)好過一些�？墒沁@樣年輕人呢”皮特帕拉西奧斯說，聲音低不可聞。