Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)
For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal = Jobs.”
世世代代，煤炭始終是東猶他州這片礦產(chǎn)豐富地區(qū)的命脈。采煤的家庭自豪地回憶起他們在地下艱苦勞作的歲月。小鎮(zhèn)的街道上煤炭供應公司鱗次櫛比。在那蜿蜒曲折通往煤礦的山路上方，從廣告牌的一側(cè)露出一張礦工布滿煤灰的臉，旁邊寫著這樣的一句口號“煤碳=飯碗�！�
But recently, fear has settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.
但最近，恐懼之感漸漸襲來。由于新頒布的聯(lián)邦排放法規(guī)更嚴格，該州位于鎮(zhèn)附近峽谷中的最古老的燃煤電廠已確定關(guān)閉。
As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.
隨著能源企業(yè)脫離煤炭，轉(zhuǎn)向更清潔，更廉價的天然氣，這里的人們也越來越擔心他們的社區(qū)會很快悄然消失。在這里的工廠----卡本發(fā)電廠(碳發(fā)電廠)里的幾十個工人已經(jīng)得知，他們必須提前退休或?qū)で笃渌ぷ�。當�(shù)氐倪\輸和設(shè)備裝置企業(yè)正準備到其它地方尋找業(yè)務。
“There are a lot of people worried,”said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.
凱爾·戴維斯自18歲就一直在這家工廠做工，他說：“這里有很多人在擔心”。
Mr. Davis, 56, worked his way up from sweeping floors to managing operations at the plant, whose furnaces have been burning since 1954.
戴維斯先生現(xiàn)年56歲，他一路努力工作，從掃地工升任為工廠的業(yè)務主管，該廠的火爐自1954年以來一直在燃燒。
“I would have liked to be here for another five years,”he said. “I’m too young to retire.”
“我原本打算在這里再干五年，”他說�！拔疫�太年輕，退休早了點。”
But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015.
但管理這家工廠的洛基山電力公司認為，要改造老化的工廠來滿足對汞排放的新的聯(lián)邦標準這一做法實在成本太高。該工廠預計將于2015年四月關(guān)閉。
“We had been working for the better part of three years, testing compliance strategies,” said David Eskelsen, a spokesman for the utility. “None of the ones we investigated really would produce the results that would meet the requirements.”
該電廠的發(fā)言人大衛(wèi)·艾斯克森說：“在過去的三年中，我們的時間主要用于檢測電廠的各種合規(guī)策略。我們的檢測發(fā)現(xiàn)，任何一種合規(guī)策略都無法達到新法規(guī)的要求�！�
For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas. This month, the board of directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority, the country’s largest public power utility, voted to shut eight coal-powered plants in Alabama and Kentucky and partly replace them with gas-fired power. Since 2010, more than 150 coal plants have been closed or scheduled for retirement.
近幾年來，由于環(huán)保法規(guī)更加嚴格、電力需求不斷下降、而公用事業(yè)公司又轉(zhuǎn)向天然氣供應，全國各地的燃煤電廠紛紛關(guān)閉。本月，全國最大的公共電力公司--田納西流域管理局董事會投票決定，關(guān)閉位于阿拉巴馬州和肯塔基州的八家燃煤電廠并將其中一些電廠升級為燃氣電廠。自2010年以來，有150多家燃煤電廠已經(jīng)關(guān)閉或即將退役。
The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality. In recent weeks, the agency held 11 “l(fā)istening sessions” around the country in advance of proposing additional rules for carbon dioxide emissions.
環(huán)保局預計，更加嚴格的排放法規(guī)將能節(jié)省數(shù)十億美元的醫(yī)療開支并將對空氣質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生全面的影響/能明顯改善空氣質(zhì)量。最近幾周，環(huán)保局在提議出臺二氧化碳排放補充條例之前，在全國范圍內(nèi)舉行了11次“聽證會”。
“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said Bruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plants.
塞拉俱樂部發(fā)起的“超越煤炭”運動希望關(guān)閉全國所有的燃煤電廠。該運動的負責人布魯斯·奈爾斯說：“在美國，燃煤電廠是危險的碳排放的最大惡源。我們已有現(xiàn)成的方法比如用風能和太陽能取代燃煤電廠�！�
For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside. But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change —if not now, soon.
對于這里的很多人而言，他們所知道的·只有煤炭開采工作。煤炭行業(yè)在艱難時期也能將該地區(qū)團結(jié)起來，尤其是在2007年礦難事件后的黑暗時期。那次礦難發(fā)生在沿高速公路向南大約35英里的地方，造成九名礦工遇難。普賴斯附近的所有人幾乎都認識遇難者，其中有六名遇難者至今仍埋葬在山腰處。但是現(xiàn)在每個人的心里都清楚，卡本縣將會發(fā)生變化，即便不是現(xiàn)在發(fā)生，也會很快就發(fā)生。
Pete Palacios, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was 12, and earned $1 a day. “I’m retired, so I’ll be fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.
皮特·帕拉斯奧斯已經(jīng)86歲高齡了，曾在礦山工作43年，見證了煤炭行業(yè)的興衰。他12歲時就開始工作，每天可以賺到一美元，回憶起自己第一份采礦工作時，老人的目光中充滿了憂愁。他說：“我已經(jīng)退休了，所以我可以安享晚年。但是這些年輕人今后該怎么辦呢?”老人說這番話時聲音越來越低沉。
