第1題

　　Awarded the Nobel Prize for physics in 1918, German physicist Max Planck is best remembered as the originator of the quantum theory. His work helped usher in a new era in theoretical physics and revolutionized the scientific community's understanding of atomic and subatomic processes. Planck introduced an idea that led to the quantum theory, which became the foundation of twentieth century physics. In December 1900, Planck worked out an equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to high frequencies. He had developed a theory which depended on a model of matter that seemed very strange at the time. The model required the emission of electromagnetic radiation in small chunks or particles. These particles were later called quantums. The energy associated with each quantum is measured by multiplying the frequency of the radiation, v, by a universal constant, h. Thus, energy, or E, equals hv. The constant, h, is known as Planck's constant. It is now recognized as one of the fundamental constants of the world. Planck announced his findings in 1900, but it was years before the full consequences of his revolutionary quantum theory were recognized. Throughout his life, Planck made significant contributions to optics, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, physical chemistry, among other fields. In which of the following fields did Max Planck NOT make a significant conla4bution?

　　A Optics. B Thermodynamics. C Statistical mechanics. D Biology.

　　【正確答案】：D

　　【答案解析】 [分析] 是非題型。 文中最后一句(Through out his life, Planck made significant contributions to optics, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, physical chemistry, among other fields. )提到馬克斯•普朗克在光學(xué)、 熱力學(xué)、統(tǒng)計(jì)力學(xué)、物理化學(xué)等領(lǐng)域作出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。其中提到 A、B、C 三個(gè)選 項(xiàng)，只有 D 沒有提及，故選項(xiàng) D 正確。

　　第2題

　　The word "revolutionary" as used in Line 16 means ______.

　　A radical B extremist C momentous D militaristic

　　【正確答案】：C

　　【答案解析】

　　Planck announced his findings in 1900, but it was years before the full consequences of his revolutionary quantum theory were recognized.此句 意為：普朗克在 1900 年公布了量子理論，但直到多年后他的劃時(shí)代(革命性)的 量子理論才整體得到承認(rèn)。A.radical 根本的，激進(jìn)的;B.extremist 極端主 義(者);C.momentous 重大的，重要的;D.militaristic 軍國主義的，尚武的; 因此 C 為正確選項(xiàng)。

　　第3題

　　It can be inferred from the passage that Planck's work led to the development of which of the following?

　　A The rocket. B The atomic bomb. C The internal combustion engine. D The computer.

　　【正確答案】：B

　　【答案解析】[分析] 推斷題型。見第一段：His work helped usher in a new era in theoretical physics and revolutionized the scientific community's understanding of atomic and subatomic processes.他的工作引導(dǎo)理論物理進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新的時(shí)代并使科學(xué)界對(duì)原子，亞原子的理解有了徹底改變。 由此可推斷他的工作推動(dòng)了 B. The atomic bomb 原子彈的發(fā)展。

　　第4題

　　The particles of electromagnetic radiation given off by matter are known as ______.

　　A quantums B atoms C electrons D valences

　　【正確答案】：A

　　【答案解析】 [分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。 見文章第二段第四、五句：The model required the emission of electromagnetic radiation in small chunks or particles. These particles were later called quantums. 由此可看出發(fā)出電磁輻射的微粒應(yīng)為 quantums(量 子)，選項(xiàng) A 正確。

　　第5題

　　The implication in this passage is that ______.

　　A only a German physicist could discover such a theory B quantum theory, which led to the development of twentieth century physics, is basically a mathematical formula C Planck's constant was not discernible before 1900 D radiation was hard to study

　　【正確答案】：B

　　【答案解析】 [分析] 推斷題型。見文章第二段的第一和第二句：Planck introduced an idea that led to the quantum theory, which became the foundation of twentieth century physics. In December 1900, Planck worked out an equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to high frequencies. 可推出： 導(dǎo)致 20 世紀(jì)物理學(xué)發(fā)展的量子論基本上是一個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)公式， 所以選項(xiàng) B 正確。

　　第6題

　　"An idea" as used in Line 5, refers to ______.

　　A a model of matter B emission of electromagnetic radiation C quantums D the equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to high frequencies

　　【正確答案】：D

　　【答案解析】 [分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題型。從文章第二段的第一和第二句(見上題)中可看出 an idea 指的即是“描述輻 射從低頻到高頻精確分布的一個(gè)方程式”，所以選項(xiàng) D 正確。

　　第7題 There has been much speculation about the origin of baseball. In 1907 a special commission decided that the modern game was invented by Abner Doubleday in 1839. One hundred years later the National Baseball Museum �？及� www.mokaoba.com was opened to honor Doubleday. Historians, however, disagree about the origin of baseball. Some say that baseball comes from bat-and-ball games of ancient times. It is a matter of record that in the 1700s English boys played a game they called "baseball". Americans have played a kind of baseball since about 1800. At first tile American game had different rules and different names in various parts of the country — "town ball". "rounders", or "one old cat". Youngsters today still play some of these simplified forms of the game. Baseball did not receive a standard set of rules until 1845, when Alexander Cartwright organized the Knicker-bocker Baseball Club of New York City. The rules Cartwright set up for his nine-player team were widely adopted by other clubs and formed the basis of modem baseball. The game was played on a "diamond" infield with the bases 90 feet apart. The first team to score 21 runs was declared the winner. By 1858 the National Association of Baseball Players was formed with 25 amateur teams. The Cincinnati Red Stockings began to pay players in 1869. Which of the following is true about the origins of baseball?

　　A Historians agree that baseball was invented by Abner Doubleday. B Baseball, as played in the early 19th century, differed very little from today's game. C As early as the 1700s, English boys played a game called "baseball". D The first standard set of baseball rules was established at the turn of the century

　　【正確答案】：C

　　【答案解析】 [分析] 是非題型。 見文章第一段： 盡管在 1907 年， 一個(gè)特別委員會(huì)認(rèn)定棒球是 Abner Doubleday 在 1839 年發(fā)明的， 但歷史學(xué)家們卻對(duì)此持有不同看法。有案可查的是在 17 世紀(jì) 英國孩子打一種他們稱之為“棒球”的游戲。美國人從大約 1800 年起玩一種棒 球， 而這種棒球有著不同的規(guī)則和名字;文章第二段第一句指出棒球第一套規(guī)則 的出臺(tái)是在 1845 年，因此選項(xiàng) A、B、D 均不對(duì)，選項(xiàng) C 正確。